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World History Sem I
Sem I Review
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Artifact | human-made objects |
| origin | the beginning |
| Cultural Diffusion | spreading of ideas or products from one group to another |
| Agricultural | using the land to provide food - less nomadic |
| domestication | training of animals to use for agriculture or to eat |
| economic | having to do with $ of a group of people |
| social | having to do with the interactions of a group of people |
| political | having to do with the government of a group of people |
| specialization | development of a specific type of work |
| scribe | specialized worker who kept written records |
| cunieform | earliest form of writing |
| Mesopotamia | river valley, in modern Iraq, that was the birth of civilization |
| civilization | know the 5 parts |
| polis | city-state in ancient Greece. City & country that was the basic unit of gov't |
| monarchy | control of country by a ruling family (king & queen) |
| aristocracy | rule by a small number of elite land owning families |
| oligarchy | rule by a small group, usually through a government take over |
| tyrant | powerful individuals who seize power and look the commoners for support |
| democracy | rule by the people through elections |
| direct democracy | system in which people directly vote on every bill |
| triumvirate | group of 3 leaders |
| pax romana | 27BC to 180 AD - Time of Roman Peace |
| Christianity | Followers of Jesus and the Bible |
| Messiah | "chosen one" - Christians believe Jesus to be the chosen one |
| pope | head of the Catholic Church in Rome |
| aqueduct | arches that supported a system of water movement into cities |
| Assyrian Empire | see notes |
| Persian Empire | see notes |
| Judaism | see notes |
| Torah | Holy Text in Judaism - Old Testament of Bible |
| Abraham | Made covenant with God to follow him in exchange for protection |
| Monotheism | belief in one God |
| Polytheism | belief in multiple Gods |
| Israel | Sacred homeland of the Hebrews (Jews) |
| Patriarchal | $, land, and title handed down through the father |
| Matriarchal | $, land, and title handed down through the mother |
| Hinduism | see notes |
| Buddhism | see notes |
| Reincarnation | Being born again, major belief of Hindus |
| Karma | soul's good or bad deeds - follows from one reincarnation to the next |
| Jainism | Everything has a universal soul and should not be harmed |
| Enlightenment | wisdom, known to few. Buddhism |
| Nirvana | must follow 8fold path to reach this release from selfishness - Buddhism |
| Han Dynasty | see notes |
| Brahma | Hindu God - creator |
| Vishnu | Hindu God - preserver |
| Shiva | Hindu God - destroyer |
| Silk Roads | Travel paths between Asia, Europe, and Africa. Spread religion, promoted migration, increased trade, and led to conflict. |
| Filial Piety | respect by children towards their parents and ancestors |
| Daoism | a universal force at work in humans - how to live in harmony with nature |
| Confucius | preached social order & harmony based on good relationships. education and filial piety important |
| Yin & Yang | natural rhythm of life |
| Qin Dynasty | See notes |
| Sahara | African Desert |
| Migration | The movement of people from one place to another. |
| Push-Pull Factors | factors pushing a group of people to migrate (natural disaster) or pulling them to move (trade opportunities) |
| Hunter / Gather | Groups who follow their sources of food (hunter) and eat available plants (gatherer) |
| Mesoamerica | south from central america to northern Hondorus |
| Olmec | Mesoamerica's first known civilization in 1200BC |
| Allah | Muslim God |
| Muhammad | Prophet in Islam |
| Islam | Practice of 5 pillars - consult notes |
| Muslim | One who practices Islam |
| Mosque | Holy place for worship for Muslims |
| Hajj | pilgrimage to Mecca at least once for Muslims |
| Qur'an / Koran | Muslim Holy Book |
| Shari'a Law | strict Muslim law |
| Caliph | Muslim successor |
| Shi'ites / Shi'a | 15% of Muslim population - more conservative group |
| Sunni | 85% of Muslim population - less conservative group |
| Baghdad | Home to the Abbasids, Muslim group, good for trade. |
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