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Medical Terminology
Chapter 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| apex | tip of a conical structure |
| body(corporis) | largest, most important part of an organ |
| fornix | any vault-like or arched structure |
| fundus | base or deepest part of a hollow organ that is farthest from the mouth of the organ (fundi) |
| hilum | recess, exit, or entrance of a duct into a gland |
| lumen | the space within an artery, vein, intestine, or tube |
| sinus | a cavity or channel in a bone, a dilated channel for blood, or a cavity that permits the escape of pus material |
| vestibule | a small space or cavity at the beginning of a canal |
| musculoskeletal sys. | support, movement, protection |
| integumentary sys. | cover, protection |
| gastrointestinal sys. | nutrition |
| urinary sys. | elimination of nitrogenous waste |
| reproductive sys. | reproduction |
| blood/lymphatic/immune sys. | transportation of nutrients/waste, protection |
| cardiovascular sys. | transportation of blood |
| respiratory sys. | delivers oxygen to cells and removes carbon dioxide |
| nervous/behavioral sys. | receive/process information |
| special senses (eye, ear) | information gathering |
| endocrine sys. | chemical messengers |
| hemo/o, hemat/o | blood |
| oste/o, osse/o | bone |
| lys/o | breakdown/dissolve |
| cyt/o, cellul/o | cell |
| epitheli/o | epithelium |
| adip/o | fat |
| cardi/o | heart |
| myocardi/o | heart muscle |
| chym/o | juice |
| my/o, muscul/o | muscle |
| neur/o | nerve |
| thel/o | nipple |
| kary/o, nucle/o | nucleus |
| organ/o, viscer/o | organ, viscera |
| home/o | same |
| strom/o | stroma |
| system/o | system |
| bol/o | to throw, throwing |
| hist/o | tissue |
| abdomin/o, celi/o, lapar/o | abdomen |
| dors/o | back |
| chondr/o | cartilage |
| crani/o | cranium, skull |
| diaphragmat/o, diaphragm/o, phren/o | diaphragm |
| front/o, ventr/o | front |
| inguin/o | groin |
| ile/o, ili/o | ilium |
| lumb/o | lower back |
| mediastin/o | mediastinum |
| viscer/o, organ/o | organ |
| pelv/i, pelv/o | pelvis |
| peritone/o | peritoneum |
| pleur/o | pleura |
| spin/o | spine |
| stern/o | sternum |
| gastr/o | stomach |
| thorac/o | chest |
| umbilic/o, omphal/o | umbilicus (navel) |
| vertebr/o | vertebra |
| pariet/o | wall |
| ana- | up, apart, away |
| cata- | down |
| en- | in |
| endo- | within |
| epi | above, upon |
| meta- | beyond, change |
| para- | near, beside, normal |
| -al, -ous | pertaining to |
| -ia, -ism | condition, state of |
| -on | structure |
| -plasm | formation |
| -some | body |
| -stasis | controlling, stopping |
| -um, -us | structure |
| buccal | pertaining to the cheek |
| cephalic | pertaining to the head |
| cervical | pertaining to the neck |
| cranial | pertaining to the skull |
| facial | pertaining to the face |
| frontal | pertaining to the front or forehead |
| mental | pertaining to the chin |
| nasal | pertaining to the nose |
| ocular | pertaining to the eye |
| oral | pertaining to the mouth |
| otic | pertaining to the ear |
| abdominal | pertaining to the abdomen |
| axillary | pertaining to the armpits |
| coxal | pertaining to the hip |
| deltoid | pertaining to the deltoid muscle |
| inguinal | pertaining to the groin |
| mammary | pertaining to the breasts |
| pelvic | pertaining to the pelvis |
| pubic | pertaining to the pubis |
| sternal | pertaining to the breastbone |
| thoracic | pertaining to the chest |
| umbilical | pertaining to the umbilicus (navel) |
| antecubital | pertaining to the front of elbow |
| brachial | pertaining to the arm |
| antebrachial | pertaining to the forearm |
| carpal | pertaining to the wrist |
| crural | pertaining to the leg |
| digital | pertaining to the fingers/toes |
| femoral | pertaining to the thigh |
| manual | pertaining to the hand |
| palmar | pertaining to the palm |
| patellar | pertaining to the kneecap |
| pedal | pertaining to the foot |
| plantar | pertaining to the sole of the foot |
| tarsal | pertaining to the ankle |
| acromial | pertaining to the acromion |
| dorsal | pertaining to the back |
| gluteal | pertaining to the buttocks |
| lumbar | pertaining to the lower back |
| nuchal | pertaining to the neck |
| olecranla | pertaining to the elbow |
| perineal | pertaining to the perineum |
| popliteal | pertaining to the back of the knee |
| sacral | pertaining to the sacrum |
| scapular | pertaining to the scapula |
| sural | pertaining to the calf |
| vertebral | pertaining to the spine |
| anterior | front |
| ventral | belly/front side |
| posterior | back |
| dorsal | back of body |
| superior | upward |
| cephalad | toward the head |
| inferior | downward |
| caudad | toward the tail |
| medial | middle, midline |
| lateral | side |
| ipsilateral | same side |
| contralateral | opposite side |
| unilateral | one side |
| bilateral | two sides |
| superficial | on the surface of the body (external) |
| deep | away from the surface of the body (internal) |
| proximal | near the origin |
| distal | far from the origin |
| dextrad | toward the right |
| sinistrad | toward the left |
| afferent | carrying toward a structure |
| efferent | carrying away from a structure |
| supine | lying on one's back |
| prone | lying on one's belly |
| epi- | above, upon |
| hyper- | excessive, above |
| hypo- | deficient, below |
| mid- | middle |
| trans- | through, across |
| ant | anterior |
| AP | anteroposterior |
| CT | computed tomography |
| inf | inferior |
| lat | lateral |
| LLQ | left lower quadrant |
| LUQ | left upper quadrant |
| MRI | magnetic resonance imaging |
| PA | posteroanterior |
| PET | positron emission tomography |
| pos | posterior |
| RLQ | right lower quadrant |
| RUQ | right upper quadrant |
| sup | superior |
| midsaggital plane | separates the body into equal right and left halves |
| frontal (coronal) plane | separates the body into front and back |
| transverse (cross-section) plane | separates the body horizontally into upper part and lower part |
| oblique plane | separates the body at a slanted angle |
Created by:
daytonacollege
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