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Haitian Revolution
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Saint-Domingue | western part of the island of Hispaniola; modern Haiti |
| vodoun/voodoo | method of psychological and cultural escape for slaves; a blend of Catholicism and African religious practices |
| maroonage | physical escape for slaves; flight from plantations to the surrounding hills; escaped slaves called maroons |
| François Makandal | an escaped slave, who, in the 1750s, built a network of resistance to slavery; planned to poison the water supply of Le Cap; captured and burned at the stake in 1758 |
| Le Cap | the main town of northern Saint-Domingue |
| 1791 | slave revolts broke out across Saint-Domingue; inspired by the natural desire for freedom |
| British troops | arrived in the western part of Saint-Domingue; welcomed by the white planters; came to suppress the revolt and drive out the French |
| mulattoes | those of mixed race parentage; were free people; some owned slaves; sought their own rights of representation; divided over the issue of slavery |
| Toussaint L'Ouverture | freed black; established alliance with Spanish rulers of eastern Saint-Domingue vs. slave system and French; linked himself to France, when slavery was abolished, as continued to fight slaveowners; effective ruler by May 1800 |
| Napoleon's Involvement | reversed French policy on slavery; sent troops to put down the slave revolt; his representative tricked Toussaint into suspending the revolution; Toussaint was exiled to France, where he died |
| black and mulatto armies | after Toussaint was exiled, continued the revolt under new leadership; drove out France's forces; once again abolished slavery |
| January 1, 1804 | Saint-Domingue proclaimed its independence; renamed itself Haiti; completed the only known successful slave revolution in history |
| Haiti | Carib name for "mountain"; modern name of Saint-Domingue; western half of the island of Hispaniola |
| Britain's involvement in the revolt and afterward | initially tried to assist in putting down the rebellion; when failed, decided to limit the spread of slavery in hopes of preventing any later slave revolts |
| United States' involvement after the slaves succeeded | fearing that the successful Haiti revolt would spread north, the country prohibited trade with Haiti in 1806 |
Created by:
rklevens
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