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Enlightenment
Enlightenment Vocabulary
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| An intellectual movement that applied the scientific method to the study of human society | The Enlightenment |
| Where the Enlightenment was centered | Europe |
| Philosophes | Intellectuals of the Enlightenment |
| Personal freedoms people have because they exist that allow people to enjoy liberty | Natural Rights |
| Believed people are naturally bad and must have a ruler | Thomas Hobbes |
| People agree to give up some of their freedoms in exchange for the government's protection | Social Contract |
| Believed people are reasonable and able to rule themselves | John Locke |
| Hobbes said society would become this without government control | Chaotic |
| Wrote the Two Treatises on Government | John Locke |
| Philosophe who wanted separation of powers and checks and balances | Montesquieu |
| Branch of US government that makes laws | Legislative Branch |
| Branch of US government that enforces laws | Executive Branch |
| Branch of US government that interprets laws | Judicial Branch |
| Happens when Power is divided among several branches of government | Separation of Powers |
| Philosophe who believed that all people should have the freedoms of thought, religion, speech and expression | Voltaire |
| Philosophe who stated “I may disapprove of what you say, but I will defend to the death your right to say it.” | Voltaire |
| Philosophe who stated that the government should benefit the majority of the people and should follow the general will of the people | Jean Jacques Rousseau |
| Philosophe who championed women's rights; partially blamed women for their loss of rights | Mary Wollestonecraft |
| Author of the book: A Vindication on the Rights of Women | Mary Wollestonecraft |
| Scottish economist who used reason to analyze the economy and was a big believer in laissez-faire economics | Adam Smith |
| Author of the book: The Wealth of Nations | Adam Smith |
| Laissez- faire economics are free from what regulation | Government |
| Monarchs who were heavily influenced by the Enlightenment and tried to do what was best for their citizens | Enlightened Despots |
| Two Enlightened Despots | Catherine the Great of Russia Frederick the Great of Prussia |
| intellectually stimulating gatherings held by wealthy Parisian women in their homes where philosophers, artists, writers and scientists would meet and share ideas | Salons |