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World History Review
World History Review for Midterm 2014
| Definition | Term |
|---|---|
| The study of people, their environments, and the resources available to them | Geography |
| The study of the ways of life of early peoples through the examination of their physical remains | Archaeology |
| Object made by people | Artifact |
| The earliest period of human history | Old Stone Age |
| Person who moves from place to place in search of food | Nomad |
| A huge sheet of ice | Glacier |
| A political unit consisting of a city and its surrounding land | City-state |
| The spread of ideas, customs, and technology from one people to another | Cultural Diffusion |
| The change from hunting and food-gathering to farming | Neolithic Revolution |
| Triangular area of marshland formed by deposits of silt at the mouth of some rivers | Delta |
| The preservation of the dead | Mummification |
| A pyramid-shaped temple built by the Sumerians | Ziggurat |
| Governor of a province of the Persian empire | Satrap |
| Teaching a belief in one God | Monotheistic |
| Egyptian queen who encouraged trade with lands along the eastern Mediterranean | Hatshepsut |
| Pharaoh who spread Egyptian rule northward to Syria and conquered Nubia | Ramses II |
| Ruler who published a code of laws to help unite Babylonia | Hammurabi |
| King who encouraged Babylonian learning | Nebuchadnezzar |
| Ruler who united the Persian empire | Darius |
| Large landmass that juts out from a continent | Subcontinent |
| A seasonal wind | Monsoon |
| Social group into which people are born and from which they cannot change | Caste |
| Aryan tribal chief | Rajah |
| Fine, windblown yellow soil | Loess |
| A group of families who claim a common ancestor | Clan |
| Sign that expresses a though or idea | Ideograph |
| System of government in which local lords governed their own lands but owed military service and other kinds of support to the ruler | Feudalism |
| Which of the following two water bodies influenced early Indian civilization? | Indus and Ganges |
| The Aryans divided people into classes by | Occupation |
| Hindu god known as the Destroyer | Shiva |
| The "Enlightened One" who founded Buddhism | Siddhartha Gautama |
| Ruler who established the first great Indian empire | Chandragupta Maurya |
| Maurya emperor who paved the way for the spread of Buddhism throughout Asia | Asoka |
| Chinese philosopher who believed that people were naturally good | Confucius |
| Chinese philosopher who taught that "the nature of man is evil" | Hanfeizi |
| Emperor who united China and built the Great Wall | Shi Huangdi |
| Emperor who founded the Han dynasty | Liu Bang |
| Both Hindus and Buddhists believe in | Nonviolence |
| The golden age of India took place during the rule of the | Guptas |
| Narrow water passage | Strait |
| Government in which a king or queen exercises central power | Monarchy |
| Rule by a landholding elite | Aristocracy |
| Government by the people | Democracy |
| Art of skillful speaking | Rhetoric |
| Blind poet credited with creating the Iliad and the Odyssey | Homer |
| Leader of Athens who introduced social, political, and economic reforms | Solon |
| Statesman who established direct democracy in Athens | Pericles |
| Philosopher who examined beliefs and ideas through critical questioning | Socrates |
| Physician whose oath set ethical standards for doctors | Hippocrates |
| The geography of Greece helped create what kind of governments | City-states |
| Leader of Carthaginian army who crossed the Alps to invade Italy | Hannibal |
| General who brought Gaul under Roman control | Julius Ceasar |
| First ruler of the Roman empire | Augustus |
| Author of the Roman epic poem, the Aeneid | Virgil |
| Astronomer who theorized that the Earth was the center of the universe | Ptolemy |
| Central figure in Christianity | Jesus |
| Jewish convert who spread Christianity from Mesopotamia to Rome | Paul |
| German leader who ousted the emperor in Rome | Odoacer |
| In Roman government, who represented the rights of plebeians? | Tribunes |
| The Pax Romana ended in 180 A.D., after the death of | Marcus Aurelius |
| Payment from conquered peoples | Tribute |
| Knotted, colored strings used for keeping records | Quipu |
| Large underground chamber used for religious ceremonies | Kiva |
| Dome-shaped home made from snow and ice | Igloo |
| Ceremony in which a wealthy host distributes gifts to guests | Potlatch |
| Largest Mayan city | Tikal |
| City that dominated the Valley of Mexico from A.D. 100 to 750 | Teotihuacán |
| Aztec capital | Tenochtitlán |
| Capital of Incan empire | Cuzco |
| Ceremonial center of the Mississippian culture | Cahokia |
| An estate granted to a vassal | Fief |
| A code of conduct adopted by knights in the Middle Ages | Chivalry |
| A peasant who was bound to the land | Serf |
| Tax the Church required Christians to pay | Tithe |
| Worldly | Secular |
| Written document that set out the rights and priviliges of a town | Charter |
| Money for investment | Capital |
| Lending money at interest | Usury |
| Under feudalism, lords granted land to vassals in exchange for | Military Service |
| New agricultural technologies in the Middle Ages led to | Increased Food Production |
| Law that was same for all people | Common Law |
| Holy war | Crusade |
| Split | Schism |
| A method of study that uses reason to support Christian beliefs | Scholasticism |
| Everyday language of ordinary people | Vernacular |
| Norman king responsible for the Domesday Book | William the Conqueror |
| Pope who led the Church at the height of its power in the Middle Ages | Innocent III |
| Ruler who used the Inquisition to help unify Spain | Isabella |
| Christian scholar who used reason to examine Christian teaching | Thomas Aquinas |
| Peasant woman who led French troops to victory against the English in the Hundred Years' War | Joan of Arc |
| Byzantine emperor who developed a law code based on ancient Roman law | Justinian |
| A historian of the Western world | Anna Comnena |
| Ruler who was Russia's first czar | Ivan the Great |
| Chief who united the Mongols of central Asia | Genghis Khan |
| Polish queen who controlled a large state in Eastern Europe | Jadwiga |
| Prophet of Ilam | Muhammad |
| Mongol leader who conquered Persia and Mesopotamia | Tamerlane |
| Muslim mathematician who pioneered the study of algebra | al-Khwarizimi |
| Chief builder of the Mughal dynasty | Akbar |
| Ottoman architect who designed the Selimiye Mosque | Sinan |