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1Semester World Hist
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Anthropology | The study of human life and culture |
| Prehistory | The shift from hunting and food gathering to systematic agriculture |
| The basic characteristics of civilizations | A system of writing, governments, religion, cities, social structure, and art |
| The ability to acquire food on a regular basis meant | Humans could give up their nomadic ways of life and begin to live in settled communities |
| All human beings belong to | The Homo sapiens, sapiens |
| Hammurabi is remember for | His law code, "an eye for an eye", collection of 282 laws |
| Unlike the leaders of other religions of the time, Jewish prophets could not | Claim they alone knew the will of God, since the Jewish teachings were written down for anyone to read |
| Judaism | The religion of the Israelites |
| The caste system was created by | The Aryans |
| The founder of Buddhism was | Siddhartha Gautama |
| The Silk Road was a trade route between the Roman Empire and China that ran through | India's Kushan Kingdom |
| Reincarnation | The belief that the soul is reborn after death |
| Mahabharata | The longest poem in any written language |
| Homer wrote | Iliad and the Odyssey |
| Mount Olympus | Home of the Greek Gods |
| Battle of Thermopylae | Greeks held off the Persian army for two days |
| Government of Sparta | Oligarchy, ruled by the few |
| Mycenae | First Greek state |
| By 750 B.C., they polis, or city-state became | The central focus of Greek life |
| Oedipus Rex | Written by the Greek playwright, Sophocles |
| The astronomer Eratosthenes determined | The Earth was round and calculated its circumference to be 24,675 miles |
| Hellenistic Era | Age of expansion of the Greek language and Greek ideas to the non-Greek world - created by the conquests of Alexander the Great. |
| According to Plato | Individuals could not achieve a good life unless they lived in a just and rational state |
| Pax Romana | A period of peace and prosperity that lasted almost a hundred years |
| Patricians | Great landowners who became Rome's ruling class |
| Vandals | A German tribe that sacked Rome |
| Antony and Cleopatra | Committed suicide after being defeated by Octavian |
| Spartacus | A gladiator who led a massive slave revolt |
| Paterfamilias | Head of the Roman family |
| Augustan Age | Golden age of Latin literature |
| When the poet Juvenal said, "There's only two things that concern them: Bread and Circuses, " he was talking about | The Roman masses being distracted from serious political issues by free grain and entertainment |
| Constantine | The first Christian emperor |
| Edict of Milan proclaimed official tolerance of | Christianity |
| Jihad | Term used to describe The "struggle in the way of God" |
| Bedouins | Nomadic Arabs who lived in the desert rather than in town |
| Hijrah | The journey of Muhammad and his followers from Makkah to Madinah |
| Crucial part of every Muslim city | Bazaar, covered market |
| Muhammad began to meditate in the hills because | He became troubled by the gap between the honesty of most Makkans and the greediness of trading elites in the city |
| After Muhammad's death | Muslim scholars drew up the shari'ah |
| Shari'ah | A law code that provides believers with a set of practical laws to regulate their daily lives |
| Five Pillars of Islam | Belief in one God and Muhammad is his prophet, or messenger; Pray five times a day facing Makkah; Give alms to the poor; Refrain from food/drink from dawn to sunset during month of Ramadan; Make a pilgrimage to Makkah at least once in a lifetime |
| It was through the Muslim world that | Europeans recovered the works of Aristotle and other Greek philosophers |
| Caliph | Chief Islamic religious authority |
| Matrilineal societies | Trace descent through the mother and patrilineal societies through the father |
| The people of Ghana often | Traded their gold for salt, which was used to pass along a community's history |
| Many of Islam's beliefs | Conflicted with traditional African beliefs and customs, which contributed to the slow spread of Islam in East Africa |
| The largest desert on Earth | Sahara |
| In the absence of a written language, music and storytelling were | Used to pass along a community's history |
| Ancestors were a key element in African religion because | They were believed to be closer to the Gods |
| Confucianism was at the heart of | The Chinese state government from the Song dynasty to the end of the dynasty system in the twentieth century |
| The samurai lived by a strict code known as | Bushido |
| Bushido was based on the loyalty of | The Samurai's lord |
| Followers of the Mahayana Saw Buddhism as a | Religion, not a philosophy, with Buddha as the divine figure |
| Followers of the Theravada see Buddhism as a | Way of life |
| Under early Germanic law, a wrongdoer had to pay wergild to | The family of the person he injured or killed |
| At the heart of feudalism was | Vassalage |
| Vassalage means | Warriors swore loyalty to a lord, who in turn took care of their needs |
| The push for the Crusades came when | Emperor Alexious I asked for aid |
| Domesday Book was the first census since | Roman times |
| Saladin led the Muslim forces to retake | Jerusalem from the crusaders |
| Magna Carta | A document that strengthen the idea that a monarch's power was not absolute, but had limitations |
| Chivalry | A code of ethics that knights were supposed to uphold |
| The most important gift a lord could give to a vassal was | Land |
| Saint Benedict founded a community of monks that established | The basic form of monasticism in the Catholic Church |
| Taille | An annual direct tax on land or property imposed by royal authority |
| Great Schism | A division in Europe resulting from the election of two popes by different grouped of cardinals |
| The Black Death was a plague that was | The worst natural disaster in European history |
| Vernacular | The language of everyday speech |
| Scholasticism | The study of faith and reason |
| Burghers | City merchants and artisans |
| Serfs | Peasants legally bound to the land |
| Guilds | Craft business associations |
| Inquisition | Heresy court or Holy Office |
| The final decrees of the Council of Trent reaffirmed | Traditional atholic teachings in opposition to Protestant beliefs |
| John Calvin agreed with Martin Luther on | Most important doctrines except predestination |
| The publication of Martin Luther's Ninety- Five Theses attacked | The abuses in the sale of indulgences, beginning the Protestant Reformation |
| The High Renaissance in Italy is associated with | Leonardo, Raphael, and Michelangelo |
| The humanist movement had a profound effect on | Education |
| Parents in the Renaissance Italy carefully arranged | Marriages, often to strengthen business or family ties |
| Chaucer's The Canterbury Tales is an important work because Chaucer's use of | The English vernacular was important in making his dialect the chief ancestor of the English language |
| Predestination | The belief that God had determined in advance who would be saved and who would be damned |
| John Calvin Published the | Institutes of the Christian Religion |
| Indulgence | A release from all or part of the punishment for sin |
| John Cabot was a Venetian seaman who | Explored the coastline of New England |
| Christopher Columbus | Went to his grave believing he had discovered a westward passage to Asia, when in fact he had actually discovered the Americas |
| Middle Passage | The name for the journey of slaves from Africa to America |
Created by:
Hesha1924
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