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Chapter 3
Mesopotamia and the Fertile Crescent
Term | Definition |
---|---|
irrigation | a way of supplying water to an area of land |
surplus | more than needed/ extra amount |
canals | human made waterways |
urban | city |
rural | countryside |
city-state | consist of both urban and rural |
silt | a mixture of rich soil and tiny rocks |
priest | people who perform religious ceremonies |
social hierarchy | dividing society by rank or class |
division of labor | special jobs with special workers |
empire | land with different territories under a single rule |
polytheism | worship of many gods |
monarch | king or ruler |
alphabet | a set of letters that represent sounds in words |
cuneiform | wedge-shaped writing first developed by Sumerians |
Pictographs | picture symbols |
Chariot | a horse-drawn cart used in battle |
scribe | writer |
Ziggurat | a pyramid shaped temple tower |
architecture | the science of building |
epics | long poems about a hero |
city-state | consists of a city and all the countryside |
Civilization | must have 5 features: a stable food supply, division of labor, social hierarchy, government and highly developed culture |
Fertile Crescent | rich fertile farmland |