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Ch. 9
Urinary System
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Renal Failure/Kidney Failure | The inability of the kidney(s) to perform their functions. |
| Anuria/Anuresis | The complete suppression of urine formation by the kidneys. |
| Uremia/Uremic Poisoning | A toxic condition caused by excessive amount of urea and other waste products in the bloodstream. |
| Acute Renal Failure (ARF) | Has sudden onset and is characterized by remia. May be caused by a drop in blood volume or blood pressure due to injury or surgery. |
| Chronic Renal Failure (CRF) | A progressive idsease that may be caused by a variety of conditions when kidney function is isufficient. A transplantation or dialysis is required. |
| End-stage Renal Disease (ESRD) | The late stages of CRF. |
| Nephrotic Syndrome (NS) | A general group of kidney diseases. |
| Edema | Excessive fluid in the body tissue. |
| Hyperproteinuria | Abnormally high concentrations of protein (albumin) in the blood. |
| Hypoproteinuria | Abnormally low concentrations of protein (albumin) in the blood. |
| Nephrosis/Nephropathy | Diseases of the kidney. |
| Diabetic Nephropathy | A result of the damage to the kidney's capillary blood vessels tha's caused by long-term diabetes mellitus. |
| Glomerulonephritis | An inflammation of the kidney involving primarily the glomeruli. |
| Hydronephrosis | The dilationof the renal pelvis of one or both kidneys. |
| Nephrectasis | The distention of a kidney. |
| Nephritis | Inflammation of the kidney. |
| Nephroptosis/Floating Kidney | Downward displacement of the kidney. |
| Nephropyosis | Suppuration of the kidney. |
| Pyelitis | Inflammation of the renal pelvis. |
| Pyelonephritis | Inflammation of the renal pelvis and kidney. |
| Renal Colic | An acute pain in the kidney area that is caused by blockage during the passage of kidney stones. |
| Stone/Calculus | An abnormal mineral deposit. |
| Nephrolithiasis | Disorder characterized by the presence of stones in the kidney. |
| Hydroureter | The distention of the ureter w/urine that can't flow because the ureter is blocked. |
| Ureterectais | The distention of a ureter. |
| Ureterorrhagia | The discharge of blood from the ureter. |
| Ureterostenosis | A stricture of the ureter. |
| Cystalgia/Cystodynia | Pain in the urinary bladder. |
| Cysitis | Inlammation of the bladder. |
| Interstital Cystitis | Inflammation in the wall of the bladder. |
| Cystocele | A hernia of the bladder through the vaginal wall. |
| Cystorrhagia | Bleeding from the bladder. |
| Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs) | Usually begin in the bladder. These infections occur mor frequently in the women. |
| Vesicovaginal Fissure | An abnormal opening between the bladder and vagina. |
| Relux | Blockage of the urethra can cause urine to back up into the ureters. |
| Urethralgia | Pain in the urethra. |
| Urethritis | Inflamation of the urethra. |
| Urethrorrhagia | Bleeding from the urethra. |
| Urethrorrhea | Abnormal discharge from the urethra. |
| Urethrostenosis | Stricture or stenosis of the urethra. |
| Epispadias | A congenital abnormality where the urethral opening is located on the dorsal of the penis. Or the Urethral opening is in the region of the clitoris. |
| Hypospadias | A congenital abnormality where the urethral opening is on the undersurface of the penis. Or the urethral opening is into the vagina. |
| Paraspadias | A congenital abnormality where the urethral opening is on one side of the penis. |
| Diresis | The increased excretion of urine. |
| Dysuria | Difficult or painful urination. |
| Enuresis | The involuntary discharge of urine. |
| Nocturnal Enuresis/Bed-wetting | Durring sleep. |
| Nocturia | Excessive urination during the night. |
| Oliguria | Scanty urination. |
| Polyuria | Excessisve Urination. |
| Urinary Retention | The Inability to void or empty the bladder. |
| Incontinence | Inability to control ecretory functions. |
| Urinary Incontinence | Inability to control the voiding of urine. |
| Urinary Stress Incontinence | The inability to control the voiding of urine under physical stress. |
| Urge Incontinence | When urination occurs involuntarily as soon as an urgent desire to urinate is felt. |
| Catheterization | The insertion of a sterile catheter through the urethra and into the urinary bladder. |
| Cystoscopy | Visual examination of the urinary bladder. |
| Intravenous Pyelogram | A radiographic study of the kidneys and ureters where iodine is injected into a vein as a contras medium to define these structures more clearly. |
| KUB/Glat-plate of the abdomen | A radiographic study of these structures without the use of a contrast medium. |
| Intravenous Urography | The radiographic visualiation of the urinary tract w/the use of a contrast medium. |
| Excretory Urography | Traces the action of the kidney as it processes and excretes dye injected into the bloodstream. |
| Retrograde Urography | A radiograph of the urinary system taken after dye has been placed in the urethra through a sterile catheter and caused to flow upward through the urinary tract. |
| Cytography | A radiographic examination of the bladder after instillation of a contrast medium via a urethral catheter. |
| Voiding Vystourethrography | A fluoroscope is used to examine the flow of urin from the bladder and through the urethra. |
| Urinalysis | The examination of urine to determine the presence of abnormal elements. |
| Diuretics | Medication given to increase urine secretion to rid the body of excess sodium and water. |
| Dialysis | Procedure to remove waste products from the blood of patients whose kidneys don't function. |
| Peritoneal Dialysis | The lining of the peritoneal cavity acts as the filter to remove waste from the blood. |
| Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis (CAPD) | Provides ongoing dialysis as the patient goes about his daily life. |
| Continuous Cycling Peritoneal Dialysis (CCPD) | Uses a machine to cycle the dialysis fluid during the night. |
| Renal Transplantation/Kidney Transplant | Grafting of a donor kidney into the body to replace the recipient's kidneys. |
| -chrome | color |
| glomerul/o | glomeruli |
| pyel | pelvis |
| -lithiasis | presence of stones |
| vesic/o | bladder |
| para- | beside |
| diur/o | increasing the output of urine |
| -pexy | surgical fixation |
| -tripsy | crush |
| meat/o | meatus |
Created by:
JT Garcia
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