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Chap 13 Assessment
Chapter 13 Assessment
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Mecca | The birth town of Muhammad. Muslims make a trip, or hajj, once in their lifetime to Mecca. |
| Bedouins | Nomadic herders who would form the backbone of the armies that conquered a huge empire in the 600s and 700s. |
| Kaaba | An ancient shrine that Muslims believe was built by the prophet Abraham. |
| Khadija | A wealthy woman who ran a prosperous caravan business. She become the wife of Muhammad when he was 25 years old. |
| Quran | The sacred text of Islam |
| People of the Book | The People of the Book are the Jews and Christians, because they are spiritually superior to polytheistic idol worshipers. |
| Sharia | System of laws that regulate moral conduct, family life, business practices, government, and other aspects of a Muslim community. |
| oasis | fertile area in a desert, watered by a natural well or spring. |
| hijra | The journey that was taken by Muhammad and his followers from Mecca to Yathrib. |
| monotheistic | The belief in one God. |
| mosque | houses of worship |
| hajj | pilgrimage to Mecca |
| jihad | effort in God's service |
| Abu Bakr | |
| battle of Tours | The place in Spain were the Muslim's advance into western Europe was halted in 732. |
| Fatima and Ali | |
| Sufi | Muslim mystics who sought communication with God through meditation. |
| Umayyads | Dynasty that ruled the Islamic world until 750. |
| Abbassids | Dynasty founded by Abu al-Abbas after he killed members of the Umayyad dyansty. The Abbassids dynasty lasted until 1258. |
| Harun al-Rashid | A caliph who was well known for his generosity. He used his generosity to create closer ties with other rulers. |
| Seljuks | Turks who migrated from Central Asia to Middle East. They adopted Islam and built a large empire across the Fertile Cresent. |
| Tamerlane | A Mongolian Islamic leader who conquered Muslim and non-Muslim lands. He overran Persia and Mesopotamia and then invaded Russia and India. |
| caliph | successor to Muhammad |
| minaret | slender towers of mosques |
| muezzin | mosque official |
| sultan | authority |
| Omar Khayyam | |
| Averroes | Islamic who is most famous for being a philosopher. He first focused on medicine and became chief physician to the Muslim ruler in Spain. He studied astronomy and wrote several books on astronomy. |
| Muhammad al-Razi | Head physician at Baghdad's chief hospital. He wrote many books on medicine, including a pioneer study of measles and smallpox. |
| Avicenna | 16 year old was a doctor to the Persian nobility. He wrote the Canon of Medicine, which was a huge encyclopedia that the Greeks, the Arabs, and himself had learned about the diagnosis and treatment of disease |
| social mobility | the ability to move up in social class |
| arabesque | an intricate design composed of curved lines that suggest floral shapes |
| calligraphy | art of beautiful handwriting |
| Sikhism | A religion founded by Nanak in India. He preached "the unity of God, the brotherhood of man, the rejection of caste, and the futility of idol worship" |
| Babur | Military genius, poet, and author of a fascination book of memoirs. He claimed he was a descendant of Genghis Khan and Tamerlane. |
| Mughal | Dynasty created by Babur who swept away the remnants of the Delhi sultanate. The dynasty lasted from 1526 to 1857. |
| Nur Jahan | Wife of Jahangir. She was an able leader who had shrewd political judgement, and a love for poetry and royal sports. |
| Taj Mahal | Tomb built by Shah Jahan for his wife, Mumtaz Mahal. |
| sultanate | land ruled by a sultan |
| caste | social groups from which they could not change |
| rajah | local Hindu rulers |
Created by:
Joshua VanDygrift
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