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Chapters 12,16
specimen handling, specimen processing, urine collection etc
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| entering a password and gaining access is called what? | Logging on |
| When a laboratory test is ordered what is assigned? | A unique ID number (sample/accession #)and test |
| What are 3 benefits of barcode identification? *RSP | 1. Reduces transcription errors 2. Speeds up sample processing 3. Provides all info necessary for processing the sample |
| What does Bidirectional interface allow? | Allows info to go back and forth between the computer and instruments |
| How should you mix a specimen? | Mix adequately not excessively |
| What does too little mixing cause? | Causes clots to form in the tube |
| What does vigorous mixing cause? | Hemolysis |
| Inadequate mixing of an EDTA tube can lead to what? | Erroneous results |
| What do you have to make sure is labeled? | Make sure container is labeled not just the bag or lid. |
| Evacuated/microcollection tubes should be maintained how? | In vertical position to promote complete clot formation and reduce possibility of hemolysis. |
| When should blood samples be transported to the clinical lab? | ASAP from the time of collection |
| CLSI standards require what? | Require a specimen to be centrifuged within 2 hrs of collection |
| Serum specimens WITHOUT anticoagulant require how much time to clot? | 30-60 minutes |
| Serum specimens WITH anticoagulant require how much time to clot? | 10-15 minutes |
| What do warm specimens require? | Require blood to remain at body temperature (37degrees C) until testing occurs |
| What cooling devices can be used for chilled specimens? | icepacks, slurry, or crushed ice in water in a leak proof contianer |
| What does cooling specimen allow? | Allows slowing of the metabolic processes. |
| What are 5 metabolic processes? AAGL PH | 1. ACTH 2. Ammonia levels 3. Gastrin levels 4. Lactic acid 5. Parathyroid hormone |
| Does a lactate acid test need to done with a tourniquet? | No |
| What does photosensitivity light do? | Light can lower certain blood components |
| What is important to do with the tube? | Wrap the tube after labeling using a paper towel or aluminum foil |
| 5 common tests that are affected by light are... BCFVV | 1.Bilirubin 2. Carotene 3. Folate 4. Vitamin A 5. Vitamin B 12 |
| What do most specimens require? | require centrifugation after collection except hematology and coagulation tests |
| How many times should specimen be optimally centrifuged? | Only once and then place tubes of equal size and volume opposite of one another |
| What does QNS stand for? | Quantity not sufficient |
| How should non-blood specimens be before transporting them? | Properly labeled and packaged |
| Urine is... | The most analyzed non-blood specimen |
| What does UA mean? | Routine Urinalysis |
| What are 6 chemical analysis tests? GPBWKB | 1. Glucose 2. Protein 3. Blood (RBC's) 4. WBC's 5. Ketones 6. Bacteria |
| How should a patient collect specimen? | using clean-catch midstream procedure |
| Urine pregnancy test (HCG) is better if what? | Is better if it is first morning specimen |
| Urine pregnancy test detects what? | Detects presence of human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) which is a hormone that begins to be produced with pregnancy |
| Types of urine collections: 1. First morning specimen.. | Collected immediately upon awakening in the morning and specific gravity is at its highest levels |
| 2. 24 hour specimen... | A special container is used to collect all urine a person has in a 24hr period. Example: Creatinine clearance |
| Methods of urine collection: 1. Midstream specimen.. | This specimen is the cleanest or least contaminated |
| Collecting other body fluids: 1. Amniotic Fluid... | Fluid that surrounds growing fetus |
| 2. Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF).. | Clear liquid found in the cavities of the brain and spinal cord. Specimen collected from lumbar area (mid spine) |
| Spinal fluid is collected into 3 tubes numberd in order of collection.. | first tube: tube sent to Hematology for cell counts second tube: Tube used for microbiology testing including cultures third tube: tube used for chemistry testing |
| What is gastric fluid also known as? | Stomach fluid |
| What is an example of nasopharyngeal secretion? | Whooping cough |
| Where is saliva found? | In the mouth |
| What is semen? | Fluid containing spermatozoa that is discharged during a male ejaculation |
| Semen is collected for what? | To investigate possibility of sexual criminal charges |
| Semen should be kept how? | Warm, no excessive light, and delivered to the lab immediately |
| semen needs to be delivered within.. | 30 minutes to 2hrs |
| What is pleural fluid? | Fluid that is found in the pleural cavity surrounding lungs |
| Peritoneal fluid.. | fluid found in abdominal cavity |
| Pericardial fluid... | Fluid found in the cavity surrounding the heart |
| What is sputum? | A thick liquid that coats bronchi and collected to test for infection such as pneumonia, TB, and some cancerous processes. |
| What is sweat analysis used for? | Used to diagnose cystic fibrosis and test often is done when a newborn screening comes back positive |
| What is synovial fluid? | Fluid that lubricates the body joints to reduce friction. It requires a needle aspiration to remove excess fluid |
| What is done when dealing with bone marrow? | Needle is inserted into the hip or sternum bone under local anesthesia |
| What is Feces (stool) samples tested for? | Ova and parasites O&P |
| What is occult blood testing? | Most common test done on feces *Guaiac Smear |
| Throat swabs... | Streptococcal infections |
Created by:
z_garcia
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