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Unit 3b
Early Civilizations: China, West Africa
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Mandate of Heaven | Chinese belief that a ruler gets his power from God. (Can lose mandate of heaven if there is fighting, floods or famine) |
| Confucianism | Chinese belief started by Confucious (written down in "The Analects") that maintains social order through the 5 relationships and filial piety |
| Daoism | Belief in the balance between humans and nature |
| Legalism | Belief that people need harsh punishments because they act of self-interest and are inherently bad |
| Terrace farming | Cutting steps into mountains to increase the amount of farmable land |
| Filial Piety | Respect for one's elders/parents/rulers |
| The Great Wall | A wall put up by the Chinese to protect them from invaders |
| Civil Service Test | A test on Chinese law, history and Confucianism to see who deserved (was educated enough) to be in the government |
| Chinese Achievements | Silk, magnetic compass, wood block printing, moveable type, paper, gunpowder, porcelain |
| Tang and Song Dynasties | Golden Ages of China in which there was peace, prosperity and many achievements |
| Silk Road | A trade route from Asia to Europe in which many goods and ideas were exchanged. |
| Dynastic Cycle | Rise and fall of Chinese dynasties based on the Mandate of Heaven |
| The Great Wall | An enormous structure built to keep invaders out of China. |
| Silk Roads | Trade routes between Europe and Asia in which goods and ideas were exchanged. |
| Ghana, Mali, Songhai | West African kingdoms that traded gold and salt (especially at the trading city of Timbuktu |
| Trans-Sahran | Travel across the Sahara Desert |
| Mansa Musa | The King of Mali who traveled from Mali to Mecca because he was a Muslim. On his way, he passed out gold and spread the religion of Islam. |