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Culture Vocab AHS
Culture, Language, Religion
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Acculturation | Process of adopting only certain customs that will be to their advantage |
| Assimilation | Process of less dominant cultures losing their culture to a more dominant culture |
| Cultural core/periphery pattern | popular dominant cultural ideas begin in the core and diffuse to the periphery, taking over the folk cultures of the peripheral areas |
| Culture | The body of customary beliefs, social forms, and material traits that together constitute a group of people’s distinct tradition. |
| Innovation Adoption | the study of how and why and at what rate new technology spreads throughout a culture |
| Maladaptive diffusion | Diffusion of a process with negative side effects or What works well in one region may not in another |
| Religion | the faithfulness to codified beliefs and rituals that generally involve a faith in a spiritual nature |
| Monotheism | belief in one God. |
| Polytheism | belief in many gods. |
| Ethnic Religion | A religion with a rather concentrated distribution whose principles are likely to be based on the physical characteristics of the particular location where its adherents are located. Most religions start off as an Ethnic Religion. |
| Animism | Belief that objects, such as plants and stones, or natural events, like thunderstorms and earthquakes, have a discrete spirit and life |
| Buddhism | The third of the world’s major universalizing religions. It has 365 million adherents especially in China and Southeast Asia |
| Cargo Cult Pilgrimage | Cargo Cult’s believe western goods have been traded to them by ancestral spirits |
| Christianity | is a monotheistic religion centered on the life and teachings of Jesus of Nazareth as presented in the New Testament. It is the most popular and widespread religion in the world. |
| Creole language | - Language that is created by mixing a colonizer’s language with the indigenous language of the area (Haiti has a French Creole language) |
| Mormonism | a term used to describe religious, ideological, and cultural aspects of the various denominations of the Latter Day Saint movement in Christianity. Clustered in the Utah region of the United States. |
| Confucianism | Developed by earlier Chinese man Confucius, it’s a complex system of moral, social, political, and religious thought. Has and continues to affect Chinese Civilization tremendously. |
| Fundamentalism | Literal interpretation and strict adherence to basic principles of a religion. Found in most all religions today. |
| Folk or Ethnic Culture | customs often practiced by small, rural, and homogenous (uniform) peoples. Ethnic clothing like Sarongs, ethnic traditional foods, small religions |
| Hinduism | Created in India, approximately one billion followers. Unlike other religions, heaven isn’t always the ultimate goal in life.Third largest in world. DiscussesKarma (what goes around comes around.) |
| Reincarnation | The idea of reincarnation is that after this life you will come back in another life either as a plant, animal, or a human life.This is commonly practiced by the Buddhists and the Hindus |
| Islam | It means the submission to the will of god. It’s a monotheistic religion originating with the teachings of Muhammad. It is the second largest religion in the world. |
| Isogloss | Regional boundaries between word-usage. In the US and example would be the spot where the majority of the people stop using Ya’ll and start saying You guys instead. |
| Isolate | A Language surrounded by other languages that share no ancestry with that language. Ex: Bosque Language in Spain. This group of people and language have no connection to Spanish or other Romance languages. |
| Hajj | The pilgrimage to Mecca for Islam followers. It’s the fifth of the five pillars. Creates a massive migration pattern to Mecca yearly. Usually taken around the holiday of Ramadan (month of fasting) between the months of August and September. |
| Sharia law | it is the legal framework within which public and some private aspects of life are regulated for those living in a legal system based on Muslim principles. This is important to HG because it affects many people around Muslims around the world. |
| Jainism | religion and philosophy originating in ancient India. Stresses spiritual independence and equality of all life. |
| Judaism | It is the religion of ancient Hebrews, said to be one of the first monotheistic faiths. Becomes the basis for Christianity, Islam, and Baha’ism. Considered an ethnic religion |
| Interfaith boundaries | the boundaries between the world's major faiths, such as Christianity, Muslim, and Buddhism. This isn’t the same as Intra-faith boundaries which describe the boundaries within a major religion |
| Landscapes of the dead | The certain areas where people have commonly been buried |
| Lingua Franca | Languages created and used for trade; Mixes elements of both languages. Today most important is English |
| Universalizing Religion | An attempt to be a global religion that appeals to all people, wherever they may live in the world, not just to those of one culture or location. There are three religions that practice this they are Christianity, Islam, and Buddhism. |
| proselytize | to try to convert another person to your religion. |
| Popular Culture | Certain habits shared by large, heterogeneous (mixed) societies despite personal differences; originate in the Core Areas Example: pop music, Coca-Cola, McDonalds, Hollywood, Abercrombie, Express |
| Religious architectural styles | These are the styles of architecture created by the religions. For example, Christians have always made temples, and Buddhists have always made a lot of religious statues |
| Religious Culture Hearth | This is where most religions are born. Most major religions have come from the Middle East near Israel, but a few have come from India too. |
| Sacred space | Sacred space is the place where religious figures and congregations meet to perform religious ceremonies |
| Secularism | This is the belief that humans should be based on facts and not religious beliefs. Often creates tension when trying to balance politics and law with morality based on religious beliefs. |
| Shamanism | is the range of traditional beliefs and practices that claim the ability to cure, heal, and cause pain to people. |
| Shintoism | said to be the way of god. It is the native religion of Japan and was once its state religion. It involves the worship of kami (a god). Not very significant anymore and lost importance today |
| Sikhism | is a religion that began in sixteenth century Northern India . The principal belief in Sikhism is faith in Vāhigurū. Emphasizes faith in god |
| Taboo | restriction on behavior based on social customs and environment |
Created by:
Mluksa
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