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P.H.W.Ch5.Sec1

Philosophy in the Age of Reason

TermDefinition
Natural law Rules discoverable by reason
Thomas Hobbes a 17th century thinker. What Leviathan and argued that people were naturally cruel, greedy, and selfish.
Social Contract Idea by Hobbes that people give up their freedom for an organized society
Natural rights rights that belong to all humans from birth
John Locke a 17th century thinker who wrote Two Treatises of Government. Argued that people formed governments to protect their natural rights.
Philosophes Enlightenment thinkers in the 1700s
Montesquieu An early and influential thinker who studied the governments of Europe. Criticized absolute monarchy. Also published The Sprit of the Laws.
Voltaire one of the most famous philosophes who targeted corrupt officials and offended the government and the Catholic church
Diderot produced a 28-volume set of books called the encyclopedia. He wanted to change the general way of thinking. The encyclopedia was "banned" but more than 4000 copies were sold.
Rousseau Wrote The Social Contract where he promoted that society placed too many limitations on people's behavior. People are good in their natural state.
Created by: GAntonini
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