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Greece
Unit 4 flashcards
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Olympics | Ancient athletic games held for the god Zeus. Today they are held once every 4 years in a selected country. |
| Socrates | Greek philosopher; tried and executed for corrupting Athenian youths |
| Alexander the Great | He lived from about 356-323 B.C. and conquered Greece and Persia. |
| Plato | A great philosopher who lived and worked in Athens who taught that the goal of human beings was to strive for perfection and the highest good. |
| Iron Age | The period after the Bronze Age when people used iron tools and weapons. |
| Battle of Marathon | Took place in 490 BC, during the first Persian invasion of Greece. It was fought between the citizens of Athens, aided by Plataea, and a Persian force commanded by Datis and Artaphernes. It was the first attempt by Persia under Kind Darius I |
| Athens Golden Age | Is the Greek city-state of Athens in the time from 480 BC-404 BC. This was a period of Athenian political hegemony, economic growth and cultural flourishing formerly known as the Golden Age of Athens o The Age of Pericles. The period began in 480 BC |
| The Peloponnesian War | Was an ancient Greek war fought by Athens and its empire against the Peloponnesian League led by Sparta |
| Hellenistic Age | Of history is the period which followed he conquests of Alexander the Great. It was so named by the historian J. G. Droysen. During this time, Greek cultural influence and power was at its zenith in Europe and Asia. |
| King Darius | Was the third king of the Achaemenid empire. He ruled the empire at its peak, when it included much of West Asia, the Caucasus, Central Asia, parts of the Balkans(Bulgaria-Romania-Pannonia), portions of north and Northeast Africa and Egypt |
| Solon | Athenian statesman who made Athens more democratic |
| philosopher | A wise person who is calm and rational; someone who lives a life of reason with equanimity |
| Draco | Athenian lawmaker whose code of laws prescribed death for almost every offense(circa 7th century BC) |
| Mount Olympus | A mountain in Ancient Greece where many gods and goddesses were believed to live. |
| Dorians | A civilization associated with a lack of writing who caused the Dark Ages in Greece |
| Epic | A long narrative poem telling of a hero's deeds. |
| Aristotle | One of the greatest of the ancient Athenian philosophers; pupil of Plato; teacher of Alexander the Great(38-322 BC). |
| Trojan War | Conflict over vital waterways (often romanticized because of an overgrown "horse" and a woman named Helen) |
| Homer | Ancient Greek epic poet who is believed to have written the Iliad and the Odyssey (circa 850 BC) |
| Mycenaean | An ancient civilization in the south of mainland Greece connected to the Minoan civilization of Crete |
| Oligarchy | A political system governed by a few people |
| Minoans | The Minoans, located on Crete, was the first civilization to develop in Greece |
| Phalanx | Special Greek battle formation where soldiers formed rows, closely pressed together. |
| Sparta | Greek city-state whose citizens constantly trained for war. |
| Helots | (medieval Europe) A person who is bound to the land and owned by the feudal lord. |
| Peloponnese | The southern part of the Greek mainland |
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