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Medical Terminology
Purple Module - Hematology 1
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| albumin | the most abundant protein in the blood |
| anisocytosis | red blood cells that vary in cell size |
| antecubital fossa | the inside of the elbow |
| anticoagulant | medication that inhibits blood clotting |
| arteriole | a small artery |
| artery | vessel which carries blood away from the heart |
| basilic vein | large vein on the inner side of the upper arm |
| basophils | WBCs which release histamine & is increased during allergic reactions |
| biohazardous waste | waste that is considered to be contaminated & potentially infectious |
| blood | liquid tissue containing plasma & formed elements |
| buffy coat | thin layer between plasma & RBCs in a volume of anticoagulated blood; contains WBCs & platelets |
| capillary puncture | puncture of the capillary to withdraw blood |
| cephalic vein | large vein on the outer side of the arm |
| complete blood count (CBC) | a test to determine the cellular components of blood |
| cross-match | a test to determine whether donated blood will be compatible with recipient's blood |
| differential | test to determine the % of the five types of WBCs in blood |
| dyscrasia | any blood abnormality |
| ecchymosis | bruising |
| eosinophils | WBCs which counteract histamine & is increased during the healing process |
| erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) | test that measures the speed at which RBCs settle out in anticoagulated blood |
| erythrocytes | red blood cells |
| erythrocytolysis | destruction of RBCs |
| glucometer | instrument used to measure the amount of glucose in the blood |
| hemapheresis | process where blood is withdrawn from a patient |
| hematocrit | test to determine the % of packed RBCs in a volume of blood |
| hemoglobin | iron containing pigment of RBCs; helps transport oxygen |
| hemophilia | hereditary disease in which there is a lack of factor VIII or IX causing the blood to not clot properly |
| hemopoiesis | formation of blood cells |
| hemostasis | to stop bleeding |
| hepatitis B | viral infection & inflammation of the liver, causing jaundice; easily transmissable |
| hyperchromasia | RBCs that have an increased red color |
| hypochromasia | RBCs that have a decreased red color |
| lancet | small, sharp instrument used to perform capillary punctures |
| leukocytes | white blood cells |
| leukocytosis | an increase in WBCs due to bacterial infections or leukemia |
| leukopenia | a decrease in WBCs due to viral infections or bone marrow depression |
| lymphocytes | WBCs responsible for maintaining the immune system; includes T-cells & B-cells |
| macrophage | large WBC capable of phagocytosis |
| median cubital vein | large vein in the middle of the upper arm; most commonly used for venipuncture |
| megakaryocyte | cell in the bone marrow which produces thrombocytes |
| monocytes | WBCs responsible for phagocytosis; often referred to as a macrophage; increased during long-term or chronic infections |
| neutrophils | WBCs responsible for phagocytosis; increased during short-term or acute infections |
| normochromasia | RBCs that are normal in color |
| petechiae | pin sized red dots on the skin, caused by broken capillaries |
| phagocyte | a cell capable of ingesting foreign substances & other cells |
| phagocytosis | the process of ingesting foreign substances & other cells |
| phlebotomy | incision into a vein to remove blood |
| plasma | liquid portion of unclotted blood; cells, clotting factors, & other substances are found in plasma |
| poikilocytosis | RBCs that vary in cell shape |
| polychromasia | RBCs that vary in red color |
| prothrombin time (PT) | test to determine the amount of time it takes to activate prothrombin in order for a clot to form |
| red blood cell count | test to approximate the number of RBCs in a cubic millimeter of blood |
| reticulocyte | immature, nucleated RBC |
| serology | the study of serum |
| serum | liquid portion of clotted blood; does not contain clotting factors |
| thrombocytes | platelets; cell fragments which initiate the clotting process |
| thrombocytopenia | decreased amount of platelets |
| thrombolysis | destruction of a blood clot |
| tourniquet | strap used to occlude the veins when performing venipuncture |
| venipuncture | surgical puncture of a vein to withdraw blood |
Created by:
ginaliane
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