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Chapter 8
| Medieval | middle age |
| frontier | forest outskirts of civilization |
| missi dominici | lord messengers |
| curriculum | formal course of study |
| feudalism | pledge of service for land |
| vassal | lesser lord |
| feudal contract | exchange of pledges |
| fief | estate |
| knight | warrior on horse |
| tournament | mock battle |
| chicalry | code of conduct |
| troubadour | wandering poet |
| manor | lords estate |
| serf | peasant bound to land |
| tithe | one tenth income |
| secular | worldly |
| papal supremacy | pope rule over secular rule |
| canon law | church law |
| excommunication | denial of sacraments |
| interdict | order against entire town |
| simony | selling of Church office |
| Friar | monk not isolated |
| anti-semitism | prejudice against jews |
| charter | written rights for town |
| capital | money for investment |
| partnership | united merchants |
| bill of exchange | de facto check |
| tenant farmer | farmer who paid rent |
| middle class | merchants, traders, artisans |
| usury | interest on money loan |
| guild | artisan association |
| apprentice | intern |
| journeyman | salaried worker |