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Blood,Lymph&Immune
Spelling & Reverse Definitions
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| adenopathy | Disease of a gland |
| agranuloctye | Type of WBC without granules |
| anemia | Reduction in the number of circulating RBC |
| antiserum | Blood serum that contains antibodies |
| autoimmune disease | Failure of the body to accurately distinguish between what is "self" and what is "non-self" |
| basophil | Leukocyte that releases histamines and heparin; slightly phagocyic |
| blood | Composed of liquid portion called plasma and solid portion containing RBCs, WBCs and platelets |
| dyspnea | Difficulty breathing |
| edema | Abnormal accumulation of fluids in the intercellular spaces of the body |
| eosinophil | Leukocyte that protects the body by releasing toxins to destroy harmful invaders |
| erythema | Redness of the skin |
| erythrocyte | Mature red blood cell |
| erythrocytolysis | Destruction of red blood cells |
| erythropenia | Decreased red blood cells |
| granulocyte | Type of WBC containing granules; formed in the red bone marrow |
| hematopoiesis | Formation of blood cells and platelets in the bone marrow |
| hemocytoblasy | Stem cell, from which other blood cells deelop |
| hemoglobin | A specialized plasma protein containing iron which gives blood its red colour and also carries oxygen to body tissues |
| hemophilia | A hereditary disorder in which there is an impairment of the blood clotting mechanism |
| hemosiderosis | Abnormal increase of iron in the blood |
| hypochromic | Pertaining to decrease of colour |
| hypotension | Low blood pressure |
| immunologist | One who specializes in the study of protection |
| leukocyte | WBC; prevents invasion of foreign microorganisms |
| leukocytosis | Abnormal increase of white cells |
| leukopenia | Decrease in WBCs. |
| lymphocytes | WBC in blood and lymphatis tissues; provides protection from bacteria |
| lymphoma | Tumor of lymph tissue |
| megakaryoctye | Cell with a large nucleus; fragments become platelets |
| monocyte | Leukocyte that is phagocytic; has large nucleus |
| morphology | The study of shape |
| myeloblast | Embryonic WBC formed in bone marrow |
| myeloid | Resembling bone marrow |
| myeloid tissue | Tissue which resembles the myelocyte of bone marrow |
| neutrophil | The most numerous white cell, highly phagocytic |
| phagocytosis | Condition of ingesting cells |
| phlebotomy | Obtaining blood for the purpose of testing |
| plasma | The liquid portion of the blood where blood cells are suspended |
| reticulocyte | Immature RBC |
| splenomegaly | Enlargement of the spleen |
| tachycardia | Rapid heart beat |
| thrombocyte | Platelet; initiates blood clotting |
| thrombocytopenia | Decrease of platelets |
| thrombolysis | Destruction of a clot |
| thymectomy | Removal/exision of the thymus gland |
| vertigo | Dizziness |
| viscous | Thick, sticky |
| immunocompetent | Ability to develop an immune response or recognize antigens and respond to them |
| DIC - disseminated intravascular coagulation | Abnormal activation of the proteins involved in blood coagulation, causing small blood clots to form in vessels and cutting off the supply of oxygen to distal tissues |
| lymphadenopathy | Any disease of the lymph nodes |
| hemoglobinopathy | Any disorder caused by abnormalities in the hemoglobin molecule |
| immunotherapy | Any form of treatment that alters, enhances, stimulates or restores the body's natural immune mechanisms to treat disease |
| von Willebrand disease | Bleeding disorder cause by a deficiency of von Willebrand factor, a "sticky" protein that lines blood vessels and reacts with platelets to form a plug that leads to clot formation |
| cytokine | Chemical substance produced by certain cells that initiates, inhibits, increases or decreases activity of other cells |
| pernicious anemia | Chronic, progressive anemia found mostly in people older than 50 due to lack of sufficient Vitamin B12 needed for blood cell development |
| GVHD -graft-versus-host disease | Complication that occurs following a stem cell or bone marrow transplant in which the transplant produces antibodies against recipient's organs that can be severe enough to cause death |
| antimicrobials | Destroy bacteria, fungi and protozoa, depending on the particular drug, generally by interfering with the functions of their cell membrane or their reproductive cycle |
| hemolytic anemia | Destruction of RBCs, commonly resulting in jaundice |
| thrombolytics | Dissolve blood clots by destroying their fibrin strands |
| bone marrow MRI | Highly sensitive imaging procedure that detects lesions and changes in bone tissue and bone marrow, especially in multiple myeloma |
| allergy injections | Injection with increasing strength of the offending antigen given over a period of months or years to increase tolerance to an antigen responsible for severe allergies |
| folic-acid deficiency anemia | Inability to produce sufficient red blood cells due to lack of folic acid, a B vitamin essential for erythropoiesis |
| transfusion | Infusion of blood or blood products from one person to another |
| homologous BM transplant | Infusion of bone marrow or stem cells from a compatible donor after a course of chemotherapy and /or radiation; also called allogenic transplant |
| bone marrow transplant | Infusion of healthy bone marrow stem cells after the diseased bone marrow is destroyed by chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy; used to treat leukemia, aplastic anemia and certain cancers |
| autologous BM transplant | Infusion of the patient's own bone marrow or stem cells after a course of chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy |
| sickle cell anemia | Inherited anemia that causes RBCs to become crescent or sickle-shaped when oxygen levels are low |
| lymphoscintigraphy | Introduction of a radioactive tracer into the lymph channels to determine lymph flow, identify obstruction and locate the sentinel node |
| iron-deficiency anemia | Lack of sufficient iron in RBCs |
| hematoma | Localized accumulation of blood, usually clotted, in an organ, space or tissue due to a break in or severing of a blood vessel |
| multiple myeloma | Malignant tumor or plasma cells in the bone marrow |
| antifibrinolytics | Neutralize fibrinolytic chemicals in the mucous membranes of the mouth, nose and urinary tract to prevent the breakdown of blood clots |
| monospot test | Nonspecific rapid serological test for the presence of the heterophile antibody, which develops several days after injection by Epstein-Barr virus, the organism that caused infectious mononucleosis |
| thrombocythemia | Overproduction of platelets, leading to thrombosis or bleeding disorders due to platelet malformations |
| sepsis | Presence of bacteria or their toxins in the blood; also called septicemia or blood poisoning |
| fat-soluble vitamins | Prevent and treat bleeding disorders resulting from a lack of prothrombin, which is commonly caused by vitamin K deficiency |
| anticoagulants | Prevent blood clot formation by inhibiting the synthesis or inactivating one or more clotting factors |
| antivirals | Prevent replication of viruses within host cells |
| graft rejection | Process in which a recipient's immune system attacks a transplanted organ or tissue |
| Ab -antibody | Protective protein produced by B lymphocytes in response to the presence of a foreign substance called an antigen |
| bone marrow aspiration | Removal of a small sample of bone marrow using a thin aspirating needle for microscopic examination |
| lymphadenectomy | Removal of lymph nodes, especially in surgical procedures undertaken to remove malignant tissue |
| sentinel node excision | Removal of the first lymph node that receives drainage from cancer-containing areas and the one most likely to contain malignant cells |
| CBC -complete blood count | Series of tests that includes hemoglobin; hematocrit; read and white blood cell counts; platelet counts; and differential count; also called hemogram |
| aplastic enemia | Serious forma of anemia associated with bone marrow failure and resulting in erythropenia, leukopenia and thrombocytopenia |
| NK -natural killer cells | Specialized lymphocytes that kill abnormal cells by releasing chemicals that destroy the cell membrane, causing its intercellular fluids to leak out |
| antigen | Substance, recognized as harmful to the host, that stimulates formation of antibodies in an immunocompetent individual |
| bile pigment | Substances derived from the breakdown of hemoglobin and excreted by the liver |
| lymphedema | Swelling, primarily in a single arm or leg, due to an accumulation of lymph within tissues caused by obstruction or disease in the lymph vessels |
| PTT - partial thromboplastin time | Test that measures the length of time it takes blood to clot to screen for deficiencies of some clotting factors; also called activated partial thromboplastin time |
| PT - prothrombin time | Test that measures the time it takes for prothrombin to form a clot; also called pro time |
| blood culture | Test to determine the presence of pathogens in the bloodstream |
| shilling test | Test used to diagnose pernicious anemia by determining if the body properly absorbs Vitamin B12 through the digestive tract |
| ANA - antinuclear antibody | Test to identify antibodies that attack the nucleus of the individual's own body cells |
| biological | Use of immune system stimulators to enhance the immune response in the treatment of certain forms of cancer, rheumatoid arthritis and Crohn disease; also called biologic therapy or biotherapy |
| lymphangiography | Visualization of lymphatic channels and lymph nodes using a contrast medium to determine blockages or other pathologies of the lymph system |
| SLE - systemic lupus erythematosus | Widespread autoimmune disease that may affect the skin, brain, kidneys and joints and causes chronic inflammation; also called discoid lupus if symptoms are limited to the skin |
Created by:
Barbara Ross
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