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Fisher Global People
Global Studies Regents Review Important People
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Saddam Hussein | Former dictator of Iraq. Started Persian Gulf War by invading Kuwait. Hanged for crimes against humanity. |
| Pancho Villa | General during the Mexican revolution. |
| Porfirio Diaz | Former president of Mexico. |
| Catherine the Great | Enlightened ruler of Russia. Later became more oppressive and dictatorial. |
| Otto von Bismarck | German Chancellor who helped unify Germany into a large empire |
| Rudyard Kipling | Wrote "The White Man's Burden" about imperialism |
| Sun Yat-sen | Chinese revolutionary, helped overthrow the last dynasty and became first president of China |
| Chiang Kai-shek | Became leader of China after death of Sun Yat-sen |
| Jiang Jieshi | Alternative spelling of Chiang Kai-shek, leader of China after death of Sun Yat-sen |
| FW deKlerk | Former president of South Africa. Helped end apartheid |
| Pol Pot | Communist dictator of Cambodia, leader of the Khmer Rouge |
| Tokugawa | Shogun who united warring Japanese landowners, the last feudal military government before the Meiji Restoration. |
| Shah Reza Pahlavi | Last monarch of Iran before Islamic Revolution |
| Adolf Hitler | Leader of the Nazi party and fascist dictator of Germany before and during WWII. Committed genocide against Jews |
| Kwame Nkrumah | First president of Ghana after its independence from England in 1957 |
| Winston Churchill | Prime Minister of Great Britain. Helped lead Britain to victory in WWII. Coined the term Iron Curtain |
| Bernardo O'Higgins | Independence leader who freed Chile from Spanish rule |
| Archduke Franz Ferdinand | Heir to the throne of Austria-Hungary. His assassination started WWI |
| Augusto Pinochet | Dictator of Chile. Faced hundreds of criminal charges for human rights violations |
| Vladimir Putin | Current President of Russia. Recently annexed Crimea. |
| Archbishop Desmond Tutu | South African social rights activist who opposed apartheid |
| Slobodan Milosevic | Former president of Serbia who committed ethnic cleansing, massacre of 6-7,000 Bosnians |
| Count Camillo di Cavour | (1810-61) Prime Minister of Sardinia, an Italian State. Formed alliances to end foreign control and unify Italy. |
| Jean-Jacques Rousseau | Enlightenment philosopher who wrote The Social Contract. Believed in the will of the majority for the common good of all |
| Emperor Hirohito | Leader of Japan during WWII |
| Theodor Herzl | Supported of Zionism (creation of a homeland for Jews) |
| Czar Nicholas II | Last emperor of Russia. Lost popularity due to losing Russo-Japanese War, Bloody Sunday, and losses during WWI. |
| Benito Mussolini | Fascist dictator of Italy during WWII era |
| Jomo Kenyatta | Independence leader and first president of Kenya |
| Mao Zedong | Communist dictator of China, instituted Great Leap Forward to modernize economy |
| Zheng He | Chinese fleet admiral whose sailing voyages |
| Karl Marx | Creator of the theory of communism. Wrote the Communist Manifesto |
| Vladimir Lenin | Leader of the Russian Revolution. Created the communist Soviet Union. |
| Fidel Castro | Former Communist dictator of Cuba. Allied with Soviet Union. Conflicts: Bay of Pigs invasion, Cuban Missile Crisis. |
| Napoleon Bonaparte | (1769-1821) Emperor of France. Conquered most of Europe, invasion weakened by attacking Russia in winter |
| Emperor Meiji | Leader of Japan who modernized the nation |
| Jawaharlah Nehru | India's first Prime Minister |
| Martin Luther | Catholic monk. Wrote the 95 Theses criticizing the Catholic church |
| Simon Bolivar | Latin American revolutionary leader, ended Spanish colonialism in much of South America including Bolivia |
| Deng Xiaoping | Communist leader of China know for Tiananmen Square Massacre |
| Touissant L'Ouverture | Leader of the Haitian Revolution |
| Emiliano Zapata | Leader of the Mexican Revolution |
| Mikhail Gorbachev | Last Soviet dictator. Implemented the reforms of perestroika and glasnost |
| Jose de San Martin | Latin American revolutionary leader of Argentina |
| Kemal Ataturk | (1881-1938) Nationalist leader of Turkey, responsible for modernizing and westernizing his country after World War I. |
| John Locke | Enlightenment philosopher who supported natural rights, separation of powers, and the right of revolution |
| Nikita Krushchev | Leader of the Soviet Union during the Cuban Missile Crisis |
| Friedrich Engels | Co-writer The Communist Manifesto" with Karl Marx |
| Louis XIV | Divine right monarch of France. Known as the Sun King, he had the Palace of Versailles built |
| Sir Isaac Newton | Scientist who formulated the laws of motion during the Scientific Revolution |
| Baron de Montesquieu | Enlightenment philosopher, government should be divided into three branches with a system of checks and balances |
| Adam Smith | Wrote The Wealth of Nations supporting capitalism/free market as the best form of economy |
| Joseph Stalin | Communist dictator of the Soviet Union. Created the Five Year Plans to increase agriculture and heavy industry |
| Kim Jong Il | Communist dictator of North Korea |
| Ho Chi Minh | Communist dictator of North Vietnam |
| Ayatollah Khomeini | Islamic religious leader who led a fundamentalist revolution in Iran in 1979. Ruled until 1989. |
| Aung San Suu Kyi | Leader of the National League for Democracy political party in Burma/Myanmar |
| Lech Walesa | Leader of the Solidarity trade union in Poland and civil rights advocate |
| Robespierre | French revolutionary leader who led the Reign of Terror |
| Mohandas Gandhi | Indian non-violent independence leader who opposed British imperialism and the caste system. Known for Salt March |
| Thomas Hobbes | Wrote Leviathan in support of absolutism as the best form of government |
| Kaiser Wilhelm II | Last German emperor. Led Germany into WWI. |
| Guiseppe Garibaldi | Italian general who helped reunite Italy. Leader of the Red Shirts |
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