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Chapter 22-
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| gastroenteritis | infection of the stomach |
| dysentery | blood or mucus in diarrhea |
| gastritis | inflammation of stomach & intestine |
| colitis | inflammation of the colon |
| enterocolitis | inflammation of the colon & small intestine |
| hepatitis | liver inflammation |
| gastritis symptoms are | diarrhea and sometimes nausea, vomiting & abdominal cramps |
| Mumps Causative agent: | Mumps virus |
| Mumps Microbe | virus |
| Mumps Transmission | saliva & respiratory secretions/ resp droplets |
| Mumps Prevention | MMR vaccine |
| Mumps Complications | sterility in men, inflammation of ovaries, pancreatitis & meningitis |
| Shigellosis Cause | Shigella species |
| Shigellosis Transmission | fecal-oral route |
| Typhoid Fever Caused | Salmonella typhi bacteria |
| Typhoid Fever Transmission | feces (fecal-oral route) |
| Typhoid Fever Prevention | good hygiene and clean water |
| Shigellosis microbe | Bacteria |
| Shigellosis prevention | good hygiene |
| Typhoid microbe | Bacteria |
| Salmonellosis Causative agent | Salmonella enterica bacteria |
| Salmonellosis Transmission | fecal-oral route & contaminated food |
| Salmonellosis microbe | bacteria |
| Cholera Causative agent | Vibrio cholerae |
| Cholera microbe | bacteria |
| Cholera Transmission | fecal-oral route |
| Cholera prevention | proper sanitation, clean water supply and god hygine |
| Cholera Complications | use of antacids decrease infectious dose |
| Enterohemorrhagic E. coli Causative agent | E. coli strain O157:H7 |
| Enterohemorrhagic E. coli microbe | bacteria |
| Enterohemorrhagic E. coli Transmission | fecal-oral route |
| Enterohemorrhagic E. coli Complications | hemorrhagic colitis & hemolytic uremic syndrome (bloody urine) |
| Clostridium Causative agent | Clostridium perfringes |
| Clostridium microbe | bacteria |
| Clostridium Complications | fecal-oral route |
| Campylobacteriosis Causative agent | Campylobacter jejuni |
| Campylobacteriosis microbe | bacteria |
| Campylobacteriosis Transmission | fecal-oral route |
| Campylobacteriosis prevention | good hygiene |
| Clostridium Gastroenteritis Causative agent | Clostridium perfringes |
| Clostridium Gastroenteritis microbe | bacteria |
| Clostridium Gastroenteritis Transmission | eating contaminated meat (fecal-oral) |
| Rotavirus Causative agent | rotavirus |
| Rotavirus microbe | Virus |
| Rotavirus Transmission | fecal-oral route |
| Rotavirus prevention | oral vaccine |
| Norovirus Causative agent | Norwalk virus |
| Norovirus microbe | virus |
| Norovirus Transmission | fecal-oral route |
| Norovirus prevention | good hygiene |
| Giardiasis Causative agent | Giardia lamblia |
| Giardiasis microbe | Protozoa |
| Giardiasis Transmission | contaminated water; fecal-oral route |
| Giardiasis prevention | Good hygiene |
| Cryptosporidiosis Causative agent | Cryptosporidium species |
| Cryptosporidiosis microbe | Protozoa |
| Cryptosporidiosis Transmission | fecal-oral route, contaminated recreational & drinking water |
| Cryptosporidiosis prevention | Good hygiene, water testing |
| Ascariasis Causative agent | Ascaris lumbricoides |
| Ascariasis microbe | Helminthic infection |
| Ascariasis Transmission | Ingestion of eggs; fecal-oral route |
| Ascariasis prevention | good hygiene |
| etiology | study of cause of disease |
| diagnosis | science & skill of distinguishing one disorder or disease from another |
| sign | change in body that can be measured or observed as result of disease; ex. lesions, fever, swelling & paralysis |
| symptom | change in body function that is felt by patient as result of disease; ex. pain & malaise |
| prognosis | outcome from disease |
| acute infection | symptoms develop rapidly but last for only short time; |
| chronic infection | disease develops slowly & disease continues or reoccurs for long periods; ex. Hepatitis B |
| acute infection example | influenza |
| chronic infection example | Hepatitis B |
| local infection | pathogens are limited to a small area of body |
| local infection example | boils & abscesses |
| 5 things are used during the diagnosis of illness | Infection: illness caused by a microbe Trauma: injury Malignancy: cancer Malnutrition: poor nutrition Toxicity: poisoning |
| 4 different stages in the progression of an illness | Incubation,Prodromal,Active,Convalescent |
| Streptococcal pharyngitis Causative agent | Streptococcus pyogenes |
| Streptococcal pharyngitis microbe | bacteria |
| Streptococcal pharyngitis Transmission | Respiratory droplets |
| Streptococcal pharyngitis prevention | Pneumonia vaccine |
| Diphtheria Causative agent | Corynebacterium diphtheriae |
| Diphtheria Transmission | respiratory droplets |
| Diphtheria microbe | bacteria |
| Diphtheria prevention | vaccine |
| Common Cold Causative agent | Rhinoviruses: 50% Coronaviruses: 15–20% |
| Common Cold microbe | virus |
| Common Cold Transmission | respiratory route & hand-to-nose contact |
| Common Cold prevention | washing hands |
| Pneumococcal Pneumonia Causative agent | Streptococcus pneumoniae |
| Pneumococcal Pneumonia microbe | bacteria |
| Pneumococcal Pneumonia Transmission | respiratory droplets |
| Pneumococcal Pneumonia prevention | pneumococcal vaccine |
| Haemophilus influenzae Pneumonia Causative agent | Haemophilus influenzae |
| Haemophilus influenzae Pneumonia microbe | bacteria |
| Haemophilus influenzae Pneumonia Transmission | respiratory droplets |
| Haemophilus influenzae Pneumonia prevention | Hib vaccine |
| Legionellosis Causative agent | Legionella pneumophila |
| Legionellosis microbe | bacteria |
| Legionellosis Transmission | inhaling aerosols; not transmitted from human to human |
| Pertussis | Whooping Cough |
| Pertussis Causative agent | Bordetella pertussis |
| Pertussis microbe | bacteria |
| Pertussis Transmission | respiratory droplets |
| Pertussis prevention | DTaP vaccine |
| Tuberculosis Causative agent | Mycobacterium tuberculosis |
| Tuberculosis microbe | bacteria |
| Tuberculosis Transmission | Inhalation |
| Tuberculosis prevention | BCG Vaccine |
| Influenza | Flu |
| Influenza Causative agent | influenza virus |
| Influenza microbe | virus |
| Influenza Transmission | respiratory droplets |
| Influenza prevention | vaccine |
| Histoplasmosis Causative agent | Histoplasma capsulatum |
| Histoplasmosis microbe | fungus |
| Histoplasmosis Transmission | Inhalation |
| Pneumocystis Pneumonia Causative agent | Pneumocystis jirovecii |
| Pneumocystis Pneumonia microbe | fungus |
| Pneumocystis Pneumonia Transmission | opportunistic |
| pelvic inflammatory disease | infection of uterus, fallopian tubes, ovaries & abdominal cavity |
| Cystitis | infection of bladder |
| Urethritis | inflammation of urethra |
| Vaginitis | inflammation of vagina |
| Salpingitis | inflammation of fallopian tubes |
| UTI, gonorrhea, syphilis, chlamydia, toxic shock syndrome, genital herpes, genital warts, yeast infections, listeriosis & trichomoniasis | |
| Urinary Tract Infections Causative agent | E. coli, Proteus sp |
| Urinary Tract Infections Transmission: | fecal skin contamination travels upwards |
| Urinary Tract Infections microbe | bacteria |
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1815104090
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