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Medical Terminology
Diseases and Disorders of the sensory organs/abbrev/terminology/procedures/equip
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| ABR | Auditory brainstem response |
| Acc | Accomodation |
| AD | Right ear |
| AMD | Age-related macular degeneration |
| AS | Left ear (auris sinister) |
| AST | Astigmatism |
| AU | Both ears (aures unitas) or each ear |
| D | Diopter(lens strength) |
| db | Decibel (measurement of sound) |
| EOM | Extraocular movement |
| HM | Hand movement |
| IOFB | Intraocular foreign body |
| IOP | Intraocular pressure |
| L&D | Light and dark percieved |
| LASIK | Laser in situ keratomileusia |
| LCS | Left convergent squint (eye turned inwards) |
| LDS | Left divergent squint (eye turned outwards) |
| OD | Oculus dexter (right eye) |
| OS | oculus sinister (left eye) |
| OU | oculus uterque(each eye) |
| PERLA (PERRLA) | Pupils equal (round) react to light and accomodation |
| PDT | photodynamic therapy |
| PND | post-nasal drip (catarrh dripping down the back of the throat from the nasal passages and sinuses) |
| PRK | photo-refractive keratotomy |
| RCS | Right convergent squint (eye turns outwards) |
| RDS | Right divergent squint (eye turns inwards) |
| REM | Rapid eye movement |
| SC | Without correction (spectacles) |
| Ts & As | Tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy |
| T+ | Increased intraocular pressure |
| T- | Decreased intraocular pressure |
| VA | Visual acuity (clarity or accuracy of vision) |
| VF | Visual field |
| FUNDUS OF EYE | The whole area at the back of the eye opposite the pupil |
| MACULA (FOVEA) | Area on the retina with the greatest number of receptors for sight (central vision) |
| OPHTHALMIC OPTICIAN | Person qualified to examine eyes, and prescribe and dispense spectacles |
| OPHTHALMOLOGIST | Specialist in the diseases of the eye |
| OPHTHALMOLOGY | Scientific study of the eye |
| OPTICIAN | Person who makes and fits spectacles |
| OPTOMETRIST | Person who measures/tests eyes and fits spectacles |
| ORTHOPTIST | Person who treats squints |
| OTOLOGIST | Medical specialist in treating ear disease |
| OTOLOGY | Study of ear disease |
| OTORHINO-LARYNGOLOGIST | Medical specialist in ear, nose and throat disease |
| OTORHINO-LARYNGOLOGY | Study of the ear, nose and throat |
| REFRACTION | Bending of light rays to measure the focusing of the eye mechanisms |
| 6/6 VISION | The normal ability to be able to read line six of the Snellen chart at six metres |
| AMBLYOPIA | Dimness of vision |
| APHAKIA | Condition where there is no lens present, e.g. after removal of cateract |
| ASTIGMATISM | Eye defect usually of shape of cornea which is irregular in curvature, causing blurring of vision |
| AURAL POLYP | Pedunculated (stalk-like)tumour in the ear- not malignant |
| BLEPHARITIS | Inflammation of the eyelids |
| CATARACT | Aopacity of the lens ir its capsule causing blurring of sight |
| CAULIFLOWER EAR | Enlargement/deformity of the external ear due to haematoma formation after injury |
| CHOROIDITIS | Iflammation of the choroid layer of the eyeball |
| CONDUCTION DEAFNESS | Loss of hearing due to the failure of the vibrations caused by sound waves to be conducted to specialised nerve cells of the inner ear |
| CONJUNCTIVITIS | Inflammation of the conjunctiva membrane covering the eyeball and lining eyelids |
| CORNEAL ULCER | Open sore on cornea |
| DACRYOCYSTECTOMY | Surgical removal of a tear sac |
| DACRYOCYSTITIS | Inflammation of tear sacs |
| DACRYOLITH | Stone in the tear duct |
| DACRYOSTENOSIS | Narrowing of tear duct |
| DENDRITIC ULCER | Corneal ulcer that has tree-like branches in shape (caused by herpes simplex virus-cold sore) |
| ECTROPION | Eversion of eyelid(outward) |
| ENTROPIAN | Inversion of the eyelid (inward) |
| GLAUCOMA | A condition where intraocular pressure is raised- causing damage to the retina-leading to blindness if not controlled |
| GLUE EAR/SEROUS OTITIS MEDIA | Presence of catarrh(fluid/pus) in middle ear |
| HEMIANOPIA | Partial blindness-ability to see only half the visual field |
| HORDEOLUM | STYE-infection of the eyelash follicle |
| HYPERMETROPIA | Long-sightedness |
| INTRAOCULAR PRESSURE | Pressure within the eyeball |
| IRIDOCYCLITIS | Inflammmation of the iris and ciliary body (from where the lens is suspended) |
| IRITIS | Inflammation of the muscular iris of the eye |
| KERATITIS | Inflammation of the cornea |
| LABYRINTHITIS | Inflammation of the inner ear |
| MACULAR DEGENERATION | A degerneration of vision die to changes to the macular area of the eye-responsible for maximum vision-at present little effective treatment |
| MASTOIDITIS | Inflammation of the mastoid antrum(cavity containing porous sieve-like bone) of the temporal bone of the skull |
| MEIBOMIAN CYST | Blockage of ducts of specialised sebaceous glands of the eyelid known as meibomian glands |
| MENIERES DISEASE | A syndrome causing vertigo (dizziness), tinnitus and deafness |
| MYOPIA | Short-sightedness |
| NERVE DEAFNESS | loss of hearing due to damage or disease of the nerve fibres |
| OPTIC NERVE | Area at the back of eyeball-no rods or cones-optic nerve enters eyeball-examined with ophthalmoscope to detect swelling or abnormality to blood vessels or nervous system |
| OTAIGIA | Earache |
| OTITIS EXTERNA | Inflammation of the external ear |
| OTITIS MEDIA | Inflammation of the middle ear |
| OTORRHOEA | Discharge from the ear |
| OTOSCLEROSIS | Progressive hardening of the membranous bony labyrinth (lining of inner ear);hereditary in females-otoliths in middle ear also become fixed so cannot vibrate |
| PAPILLOEDEMA | Oedema (free fluid present)of the optic nerve |
| PRESBYOPIA | Old sight.Long sightedness due to failure of the lens capsule to accomodate, e.e. change shape of lens in order to focus close up objects -lens capsule becomes less elastic with ageing process |
| PROPTOSIS | Eyeballs protude outwards/forwards |
| PTOSIS | Drooping of the eyelid |
| RETINAL DETACHMENT | Detachment of the retinal layer of eyeball from the choroid |
| RETINITIS | Inflammation of the retina (nerve layer of the eyeball) |
| RETINOPATHY | Disease of the retina |
| RODENT ULCER | Slow growing malignant tumour of the top layer of skin causing destruction of tissue |
| SCIERITIS | Inflammation of the sclera(tough outer coat of the eyeball) |
| SCOTOMA | Normal and abnormal 'blind spots' in the visual fields |
| STRABISMUS | Squint, i.e. failure of eyes to work evenly together |
| UVEITIS | Inflammation of the uveal tract (iris, choroid and ciliary body) |
| AUDIOGRAM | The recorded measurement of hearing |
| AUDIOMETER | Instrument used to measure hearing |
| AUDIOMETRY | Measurement of hearing |
| AURISCOPE (OTOSCOPE) | Lighted instrument used to examine ear canal and eardrum |
| CORNEAL GRAFT | Grafting a donor cornea into place |
| CRYOSURGERY | Cooling or freezing the area which is being operated upon |
| DECIBELS | A unit of hearing (measurement of sound) |
| EAR SYRINGING | Removal of excessive wax by shringing external auditory canal with warm water |
| ENUCLEATION | Removal of an organ from its place, e.g. eyeball from socket |
| GROMMETS | Special valves fitted into eardrum to release pressure in middle ear and drain fluid |
| IRIDECTOMY | Surgical removal of portion of iris, forming an artificial 'hole' |
| LASER IN SITU KERATOMILEUSIA (LASIK) | A procedure in which the cornea is moulded surgically to correct short sight |
| LASER SURGERY | Surgery usin a laser beam instead of a scalpel or stitching |
| MIOTICS | Drops for constricting the pupil of the eye |
| MYDRIATICS | Drops used to dilate the pupil of the eye |
| MYRINGOTOMY | Cutting into the eardrum |
| OPHTHALMOSCOPE | A lighted instrument used to examine the interior of the eyeball |
| OTOSCOPE | Instrument for examining the ear |
| OTOSCOPY | Examination of the ear with a lighted instrument |
| PARACENTESIS TYMPANI | Drawing off fluid within the middle ear |
| PERIMETRY | Plotting of the visual fields |
| PHOTODYNAMIC THERAPY (PDT) | Light sensitive substance injected via bloodstream-reaches the eye-light is directed into eye-which activates chemical causing it to stick to leaking blood vessels.Prevents formation of scar tissue on retina |
| PHOTO-REFRACTIVE KERATOTOMY(PRK) | An older method of correcting short sight by surgery |
| RADICAL MASTOIDECTOMY | Removal of large area of mastoid bone to prevent further infection and drain area of pus before advent of antibiotics - a complication of otitis media |
| REMOVAL OF CATERACT | Operation to remove the opaque lens |
| RHINNE'S TEST | Test for deafness using a tuned fork placed on auditory opening of the ear.In normal hearing it will not be heard when placed on mastoid area, but in conditions of middle ear deafness a tone will be heard by patient |
| SLIT LAMP | Special machine used to examine the eyes |
| SNELLEN CHART | Chart used to test visual acuity i.e. sight |
| STAPEFDECTOMY | Sugical removal of the stapes (stirrup bone)in the middle ear |
| TARSOPLASTY | Reshaping of the eyelid |
| TONOMETER | An instrument used for measuring intra-ocular pressure (within eyeball) |
| TREPHINE | Instrument used for cutting away circle of tissue |
| TYMPANOPLASY | Reshaping the eardrum |
| VISUAL ACUITY | The acuteness of sight |
| VISUAL FIELDS | Measurment or plotting of the area of vision to establish any damage |
| WEBER'S TEST | Test for comparison of the bone conduction of hearing in both ears. A tuning fork placed on vertex of skull. Patient indicates in which ear he hears the loudest. In conditions of middle ear deafness it's louder in affected ear |
Created by:
Owly
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