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Anatomical Terms
Terms of position and direction describe the position of body
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Superior | refers to structure being closer to the head or higher than another structure in the body |
| Inferior | Refers to a structure being closer to the feet or lower than another structure in the body |
| Anterior | Refers to structure being more in front than another structure of body |
| Posterior | Refers to structure being more in back than another structure in the body |
| Medial | Refers to structure being closer to midline or median plane of the body than any other structure of the body |
| Lateral | Refers to structure being farther away from the midline than another structure of the body |
| Distal | With reference to the extremities only, refers to structure being further away from the root of the limb than another structure in that limb |
| Proximal | With reference to extremities only, refers to structure being closer to the root of the limb than another structure in that limb |
| Superficial | Refers to a structure being closer to the surface of the body than any other structure |
| Deep | Refers to a structure being closer to the core of the body than any other structure |
| Ventral | Toward the front/belly |
| Dorsal | Toward the back |
| Prone | Laying face down |
| Supine | Laying face up |
| Unilateral | Pertaining to one side of the body |
| Bilateral | Pertaining to both sides of the body |
| Flexion | Bending at a joint or decreasing the angle between two bones |
| Extension | Straightening a joint or increasing the angle between two bones |
| Hyperextension | Extending a joint beyond its normal range of motion |
| Adduction | Moving a body part toward the midline of the body |
| Abduction | Moving a body part away from the midline of the body |
| Pronation | Turning the arm or foot downward (palm or sole of the foot - down) |
| Supination | Turning the arm of foot upward (palm or sole of the foot - up) |
| Retraction | Moving a part backward |
| Protraction | Moving a part forward |
| Elevation | Raising a part |
| Depression | Lowering a part |
| Rotation | Turning on a single axis |
| Circumduction | Tri-planar, circular motion at the hip or shoulder |
| External Rotation | Rotation of the hip pr shoulder away from the midline |
| Internal Rotation | Rotation of the hip or shoulder toward the midline |
| Lateral Flexion | Side-bending left or right |
| Inversion | Turning the sole of the foot inward |
| Eversion | Turning the sole of the foot outward |
| Dorsiflexion | Ankle movement bringing the foot toward the shin |
| Plantarflexion | Ankle movement pointing the foot downward |
| Radial Deviation | Movement of the wrist towards the radius or lateral side |
| Ulnar Deviation | Movement of the wrist towards the ulna or medial side |
| Opposition | Movement of the Thumb across the palm of the hand |
| Sagittal/Midsagittal Plane (Mid = Equal) | The plane dividing the body into right and left portions |
| Frontal/Coronal Plane | The plane dividing the body into front and back portions |
| Transverse/Horizontal Plane | The plane dividing the body into upper and lower regions |
Created by:
ivanderzon17
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