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AP Human Unit 1

Vocab for Unit 1

TermDefinition
Geography The study of the Earth
Human Geography how human's are affected by the Earth's surface
Physical Geography natural features of the Earth
map a two-dimensional, or flat, representation of Earth's surface or a portion of it
place a specific point on Earth distinguished by a particular characteristic
region an area distinguished by features
scale generally, the relationship between the portion of Earth being studied and Earth as a whole
space the physical gap of interval between two objects
cartography the science of making maps
projection a system used to transfer locations from Earth's surface to a flat map
GIS a computer system that stores, organizes, analyzes, and displays geographic data
remote sensing the acquisition of data about Earth's surface from a satellite
GPS a system that determines the precise position of something on Earth by satellites
toponym place name
site the physical character of a place (climate, water sources, topography, soil, vegetation, latitude, elevation)
situation relative location
meridians lines of longitude
parallels lines of latitude; parallel to each other
longitude the numbering system used to indicate the location of meridians drawn on a globe and measuring distance east to west of the prime meridians
latitude the numbering system used to indicate the location of parallels drawn on a globe and measuring distance north and south of the equator
Greenwich Mean Time the time in the zone encompassing the prime meridian or 0 degrees longitude
International Dateline an arc that for the most part follows 180 degrees longitude. when you go toward America the clock goes back 24 hours, toward Asia the clock moves ahead 24 hours
cultural landscape landscape formed by a culture
formal region (uniform/homogeneous) an an area in which everyone shares in common one or more distinctive characteristics
functional region (nodal) an area organized around a node or focal point
vernacular region (perceptual) an area that people believe exists as part of their cultural identity
mental map a representation of a portion of Earth's surface based on what an individual knows about a place, containing personal impressions of what is in the place and where the place is located
environmental determinism the physical environment caused human activities
possibilism the theory that the physical environment may set limits on human actions
resources a substance in the environment that is useful to people
globalization actions or processes that involve the entire world and result in making something worldwide in scope
transnational corporations a company that conducts research, operates factories, and sells products in many countries, not just where its headquarters or shareholders are located
distribution the arrangement of something across Earth's surface
density number of things per area
concentration how packed together people are
pattern the arrangement of something in a study area
space-time compression the reduction in the time it takes to diffuse something to a distant place as a result of improved communications and transportation systems
distance decay increase in distance, decrease in importance
diffusion the spread of a feature or trend from one place to another over time
hearth the region from which innovative ideas originate
relocation diffusion the spread of a feature or trend through bodily movement of people from one place to another
expansion diffusion the spread of a feature or trend among people from one area to another in an additive process
hierarchical diffusion the spread of a feature or trend from one key person or node of authority or power to other persons or places
contagious diffusion the rapid, widespread diffusion of a feature or trend throughout a population
stimulus diffusion the spread of an underlying principle even though a specific characteristic is rejected
sustainability the use of Earth's renewable and nonrenewable natural resources in ways that do not constrain resource use in the future
cultural ecology emphasizes human-environment relationships
Created by: amberlague
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