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World History

"Rise of Islam" Topic 2

TermDefinition
Bedouins Nomadic herders who lived in the Arabian desert
Muhammad Muslim prophet born in Mecca around 570 CE
Mecca Birthplace of the prophet Muhammad; most holy city for Islamic people
Yathrib City that became Medina, or "city of the Prophet," where Muhammad fled in 622
Hijra Muhammad's trip from Mecca to Yathrib (Medina) in 622
Medina Former city of Yathrib; "city of the Prophet"
Kaaba most holt sit in Islam; the temple in which Abraham is believed to have prayed
Quran The sacred text of Islam
Mosque Muslim house of worship
Hajj The pilgrimage to Mecca that all Muslims are expected to make at least once in their lifetimes; one of the Five Pillars of Islam
Sharia Body of Islamic law that includes interpretation of the Quran and applies Islamic principals to everyday life
Abu Bakar Muhammad's father in law, the first caliph
Caliph A successor to Muhammad
Sunni A member of one of the largest Muslim sects; believe any muslim can become a Islamic leader
Shiite A member of one of the two major Muslim sects; believe only descendants of Muhammad were true Muslim leaders
Sufis Muslim mystics who seek communion with God through meditation, fasting, and other rituals
Umayyads Members of a caliphate that united and greatly expanded the Muslim empire in the 700s
Abbasids Members of the dynasty that reigned from Baghdad during the flowering of Muslim culture
Baghdad The capital of the Abbasid dynasty, built on the Tigris River
Sultan A Muslim ruler
Islamic "Golden Age" Period of time in Islamic society that saw cultural growth in the fields of medicine, science, and the arts.
Calligraphy The art of beautiful handwriting
Created by: Mr. Peirce
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