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Chapter 2
human body
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| adenocarcinoma | a malignant tumor formed from glandular structures in epithelial tissue |
| adenoma | a benign tumor formed from glandular structures in epithelial tissue |
| adenomalacia | abnormal softening of a gland |
| adenosclerosis | hardening of a gland |
| anaplasia | change in the structure of cells and in their orientation to each other |
| aplasia | lack of development of an organ or tissue |
| caudal | Of, at, or near the tail or hind parts; posterior |
| chromosomes | structures located within the nucleus of each cell. Chromosomes contain the genetic information necessary to direct the development and functioning of all cells and systems in the body |
| communicable disease | a disease transmitted from one person or animal to another directly or by vectors |
| congenital disorder | a condition existing at birth and often before birth, or that develops during the first month of life |
| endocrine glands | glands that have no ducts, their secretions being absorbed directly into the blood |
| exocrine glands | one whose secretion is discharged through a duct opening on an internal or external surface of the body |
| functional disorder | disorder showing symptoms for which no physiological or anatomical cause can be identified |
| geriatrician | A physician who specializes in the care of older people |
| hypogastric region | The lowest of the three median regions of the abdomen |
| hypoplasia | incomplete development or underdevelopment of an organ or tissue |
| iatrogenic illness | Any complication related to diagnosis and treatment of disease, regardless of whether the condition occurs as a known risk of a procedure or through errors of omission or commission |
| medial | situated toward the median plane or midline of the body or a structure |
| mesentery | the peritoneal fold attaching the small intestine to the posterior body wall |
| nonsocomial infection | An infection that can be acquired in a hospital |
| pandemic | a widespread epidemic of a disease |
| pelvic cavity | the space within the walls of the pelvis |
| peritoneum | the serous membrane lining the walls of the abdominal and pelvic cavities |
| peritonitis | inflammation of the membrane which lines the inside of the abdomen and all of the internal organs |
| phenylketonuria | rare metabolic disorder caused by a deficiency in the production of the liver |
| retroperitoneal | Situated behind the peritoneum |
| stem cells | Parent cells from which other cells are made |
| umbilicus | the navel; the scar marking the site of attachment of the umbilical cord in the fetus |
| vector-borne transmission | indirect transmission of an infectious agent that occurs when a vector bites or touches a person |
| ventral | directed toward or situated on the belly surface; opposite of dorsal |
| abdominal cavity | cavity within the abdomen |
| adenectomy | excision of a gland |
| anatomy | science of the structure of the body |
| anomaly | deviation from what is regarded as normal |
| anterior | front of |
| bloodborne disease | disease transmitted through blood contact |
| cephalic | relating to the head |
| cytoplasm | substance of the protoplasm of a cell |
| distal | situated away from the center of the body |
| dorsal | near the back surface of the body |
| dysplasia | abnormal tissue development |
| endemic | disease occurance in a population |
| epidemic | outbreak of disease in an area |
| epigastric region | below the stomach |
| etiology | study of the causes of disease |
| genetic disorder | pathological disorder caused by an absent disease |
| hemophilia | inherited blood disease characterized by a tendency to hemorrhages |
| histology | the science concerned with the structure of cells, organs, and tissues in relation with their function |
| homeostasis | process in which bodily equalibrium is maintained |
| hyperplasia | increase in the number of cells |
| hypertrophy | increase in bulk of organ |
| idiopathic disorder | disease arising from unknown cause |
| infectious disease | disease resulting from the presence of a microbial agent |
| inguinal | relating to the groin |
| midsagittal plane | a plane dividing the body into right and left halves |
| physiology | study of all functions of a living organism or any of its parts |
| posterior | relating to the end of the body |
| proximal | nearer to the midline |
| thoracic cavity | the cavity in the vertebrae body enclosed by the ribs |
| transverse plane | a plane across the body that divides the body into inferior and superior parts |
Created by:
wood33971
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