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Yellow Module
Respiratory Review
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Describe the nasal cavity | chamber lined with mucous membranes and tiny cilia |
| What are olfactory neurons | receptors for the sense of smell |
| What happens to CO2 as it enters pulmonary capillaries | it diffuses from the blood within the pulmonary capillaries and enters the alveolar spaces |
| What happens to the diaphragm when we breathe | contracts during inspiration, relaxes during expiration |
| What is external respiration | exchange of O2 and CO2 between the alveoli and the blood in pulmonary capillaries |
| What is internal respiration | exchange to O2 and CO2 between body cells and the blood in the systemic capillaries |
| What is pulmonary ventilation | breathing |
| Describe the transport of respiratory gases | when blood transports CO2 to the lungs and )2 to body cells |
| What is the respiratory system responsible for | Exchange of O2 and CO2 |
| What are exudates | fluid that is usually high in protein and often contains blood and immune cells |
| What are transudates | non-inflammatory fluid that resembles serum but with slightly less protein |
| What are the causes of asthma | -allergens -irritants -stress -cold -exercise |
| What are the three major disorders included in COPD | -asthma -chronic bronchitis -emphysema |
| What is emphysema | characterized by decreased elasticity of the alveoli |
| A hereditary disease of the endocrine glands affecting the respiratory system, pancreas and sweat glands | cystic fibrosis |
| Abnormal breath sound heard on auscultation | rhonchus |
| Abnormal respiratory sound heard on auscultation; also called rale | crackle |
| Absence of the sense of smell | anosmia |
| Acute infectious disease characterized by a cough that has a "whoop" sound | pertussis |
| An infectious disease caused by inhaling viable tubercle bacilli; aka acid-fast bacillus | tuberculosis |
| An inflammatory disease of the lungs caused by bacteria, viruses, disease, chemicals, etc | pneumonia |
| Block histamines from binding with histamine receptor sites in tissues | antihistamines |
| Collapsed or airless state of the lung, may be acute or chronic | atelectasis |
| Collection of lymphatic tissue within the oropharynx | palatine tonsils |
| Condition caused by insufficient intake of oxygen | asphyxia |
| Disease caused by inhaling dust particles | pneumoconiosis |
| Ease with which lung tissue can be stretched | compliance |
| Excess of fluid in the pleural cavity | pleural effusion |
| Excision of a lung | pneumectomy |
| Excision of part of the pleura cavity | pleurectomy |
| Extremely thick | viscous |
| High-pitched, harsh, adventitious breath sound | stridor |
| Images of the chest taken from AP, PA and lateral views | thoracic (chest) x-ray |
| Inflammation of the pleural membrane | pleurisy |
| Intradermal test to determine tuberculin sensitivity | Mantoux test |
| Measurement of the amount of salt in sweat used to diagnose CF | sweat test |
| Measurement of ventilator ability by assessing lung capacity and flow | spirometry |
| Method of monitoring the percent of Hb saturated with O2 | oximetry |
| Moving or spreading out of a substance at random | diffuse |
| Multiple tests used to evaluate the ability of the lungs take in and expel air | pulmonary function tests |
| Nosebleed | epistaxis |
| Nuclear scanning test primarily used to detect pulmonary emboli | lung scan |
| Positioning a patient so that gravity aids in the drainage of secretions from the bronchi and lobes of the lungs | postural drainage |
| Relieve or supress coughing | antitussive |
| Spasms in the bronchial passage | bronchospasms |
| Stimulate bronchial muscles to relax and expand air passages | bronchodilators |
| Surgical puncture and drainage of the pleural cavity | thoracentesis |
| Tasteless, colourless, odourless gas produced by body cells during the metabolic process | carbon dioxide |
| Tasteless, odourless, colourless gas essential for human respiration | oxygen |
| Temporary loss of breathing | apnea |
| Test that measures PO2, PCO2, pH, and bicarbonate level of an arterial blood sample | arterial blood gases (ABG) |
| Test used to identify pathogens, especially group A streptococci | throat culture |
| The innermost layer lying next to the lung | visceral pleura |
| The outermost layer, lining the lung | parietal pleura |
| The process of gently tapping with the fingers to determine position, size or consistency of an underlying structure | percussion |
| The process of listening to body sounds, especially in the chest, with the use of a stethoscope | auscultation |
| The process of providing the body with adequate amounts of oxygen | oxygenation |
| Throat | pharynx |
| Viable | alive |
| Visual examination of the larynx | laryngoscopy |
| Visual examination of the mediastinal structures | mediastinoscopy |
| Voice box | larynx |
| Whistling or sighing sound heard on auscultation | wheeze |
| Windpipe | trachea |
| ABG | arterial blood gases |
| AFB | acid-fast bacillus |
| AP | anteroposterior |
| ARDS | acute respiratory distress syndrome |
| CO2 | carbon dioxide |
| COPD | chronic obstructive pulmonary disease |
| CPR | cardiopulmonary resuscitation |
| CT | computed tomography |
| DPI | dry powder inhaler |
| DPT | diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus |
| FVC | forced vital capacity |
| Hb | hemoglobin |
| HMD | hyaline membrane disease |
| Hx | history |
| IRDS | infant respiratory distress syndrome |
| MDI | metered-dose inhaler |
| NMT | nebulized mist treatment |
| O2 | oxygen |
| PFT | pulmonary function tests |
| PND | paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea |
| RDS | respiratory distress syndrome |
| SIDS | sudden infant death syndrome |
| SOB | shortness of breath |
| T | tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy |
| TB | tuberculosis |
| TPR | temperature, pulse, and respiration |
| URI | upper respiratory infection |
| VC | vital capacity |
Created by:
DawnLangridge
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