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Axial Skeleton

QuestionAnswer
Axial Skeleton includes the _____,_____,and _____. Skull, vertebral column, and the thoracic cage(ribs and sternum).
At birth, how many bones are in the body? 270 Bones
What are the 4 functions of the vertebral column? 1. Supports Skull and Trunk 2. Allows for trunk movement 3. Protects and absorbs stress(protects spinal cord) 4. Provides attachment for limbs, ribs, and muscles.
What are the 5 groups of the vertebral column? Cervical, Thoracic, Lumbar, Sacral, and Tiny Coccygeal.
Where is the cervical vertebrae? C 1 - C 7 (C1:atlas and C2:axis)
Where is the thoracic vertebrae? T 1 - T 12 (12 ribs)
Where is the Lumbar vertebrae? L 1 - L 5
Where is the sacral vertebrae? S 1 - S 5 (by adulthood- they fuse as the sacrum)
Where are the coccygeal? Co 1 - Co4
What are the 4 curvatures of the vertebral column that occur after the age of 3? Cervical, Thoracic, Lumbar, and Pelvic.
What is the weight bearing portion of a vertebra that provides inferior and superior surfaces for the intervertebral discs? The body (centrum).
What is the ovoid/triangular canal that is dorsal to the body of each vertebra? The Vertebral Foramen.
Collectively the vertebral foramen are called? Vertebral canal.
What is the projection that comes from the body of a vertebra that is pointed and angles downward? The spinous process.
What extends laterally from the point where the pedicle and lamina meet? The Transverse Process.
Whats makes up the vertebral arch? The pedicle, transverse process, and lamina.
The _____ ______ ______ projects upward from one vertebra and meets the matching ____ ____ ____ to form another vertebra. Superior articular processes and Inferior articular processes. Together called Facet Joints.
When two vertebrae are joined, the opening between their pedicles is called? Intervertebral Foramen
What is the pad consisting of an inner nucleus pulposus surrounded by a ring of cartilage called? Intervertebral discs.
What are the 4 functions of the intervertebral discs? 1. Binds vertebrae together 2. Increases spine flexibility 3. Supports body weight 4. Absorbs shock
What is the cervical vertebra that supports the head and has a delicate ring surrounding a large vertebral foramen? C 1 - the Atlas
What part of the cervical vertebrae allows for 45% of the heads rotation? C 2- the Axis
What is the prominent knob on the axis called? the Dens
What part of the vertebrae has prominent round transverse foramen in each transverse process? The Cervical Vertebrae
What is the prominent bump on the lower back of the neck? The C 7- spinous process.
What has 12 vertebrae corresponding to 12 ribs and lacks transverse foramen? Thoracic Vertebrae.
What are the small,smooth, slightly concave spots on the thoracic vertebrae? Costal facets.
Ribs are inserted between two vertebrae- So, rib 6 articulates with the _____ _____ _____ of the upper T5 and the _____ _____ _____ of T6. inferior costal facet of T5 and the superior costal facet of T6.
What is the bony plate that form the dorsal wall of the pelvic cavity? The Sacrum.
On the anterior side of the sacrum - what are the 4 pairs of large holes used passage of nerves and arteries to the pelvic organs called? Anterior sacral foramina.
What is the anterosuperior margin of the first sacral vertebra that bulges anteriorly into the pelvic cavity called? Sacral promontory.
On the dorsal surface of the sacrum, the spinous processes of the vertebrae fuse into a dorsal ridge called....? The Median sacral crest.
On the dorsal side of the sacrum, there are 4 pairs of openings for spinal nerves called the _____. Posterior sacral formania.
The canal that runs through the sacrum is called...? The sacral canal.
The sacral canal ends in the inferior opening called the_____. The sacral hiatus.
The large wing-like extensions at the top of the sacrum are called_____. Ala(e).
The vertebrae that has a thich stout body and a blunt squarish spinous process is? The Lumbar vertebrae.
The thoracic cage consists of what 3 things? Thoracic vertebrae, sternum, and ribs.
What is the bony plate anterior to the heart? The sternum.
What is the broad superior portion of the sternum that has a medial notch and RT & LT clavicular notches? The mandibrium.
The longest part of the sternum where the 2nd rib attaches to is called? The body.
The inferior end of the sternum that provides attachment for some of the abdominla muscles is called? The xiphoid process.
The_____ ______ is the point where the sternal body and the xiphoid process fuse. Xiphisternal joint.
Ribs 1 - 7 are called what and why? True ribs: because they attach to the sternum.
Ribs 8 - 12 are called what? False ribs: they do NOT attach to the sternum.
Ribs 11 and 12 are called? Floating ribs: because they do NOT attach to ventrally.
Created by: Anniemal
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