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HLTH ch.14
musculoskeletal system
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| compact bone contains | haversian canals that run parallel to the bones long axis |
| spongy bone contains | trabeculae, spongy mesh works |
| myelo | bone marrow or spinal cord |
| rachi, rachio | vertebral or spinal column |
| spondylo | vertebrae |
| attaches to the axial skeleton | appendicular skeleton |
| ankylo | stiff |
| tropho | nutrition |
| -asthenia | weakness |
| -clasia | break |
| -desis | binding; fusion |
| axial skeleton | skull, spinal column, sternum , and ribs |
| ishchium | posterior part of pelvic girdle |
| plantar | concerning the sole |
| articular | pertaining to a joint |
| tendons | strong fibrous tissue that connect muscle to bone |
| ligament | connect bone or cartilage |
| hyper/tonicity | increase in muscle tone and strength |
| hypo/tonicity | decreased tone or tension in any body structure, such as paralysis |
| fascia | fibrous membrane that covers, supports and separates muscles |
| bone densito/metry | determining bone mass |
| bone scan | used in demonstrating malignant bone tumors |
| myelo/suppression | inhibition of bone marrow |
| the preferred site for bone marrow aspiration is | posterior iliac crest |
| antinuclear antibody test | diagnose systemic lupus erythematosus |
| erythrocyte sedimentation rate | rate which erythrocytes settle out in a tube of blood that has been treated to prevent clotting |
| tetany | condition characterized by cramps, convulsions, twitching of the muscles, and sharp flexion of the wrists and ankle joints |
| strain | damage which is usually muscular caused by excessive physical force |
| sprain | traumatic injury to tendons, muscles, or ligaments around a joint |
| greenstick fracture | INCOMPLETE FRACTURE, bone is bent and fractured on one side only. Seen principally in children |
| impacted fracture | bone fragment firmly driven into the fractured end of another fragment |
| comminuted fracture | bone is broke into many small fragments |
| disuse atrophy | muscle shrinks when a limb is immobilized for a long period |
| carpal tunnel syndrome | prolonged repetitive movements. Median nerve becomes compressed |
| hallux valgus | deformity of the foot |
| bunion | hallux valgus, deformity of the foot |
| hammer toe | permanently flexed at midphalangeal joint, producing a clawlike appearance |
| morton neur/oma | small painful tumor that grows in the digital nerve of the foot |
| dupuytren contracture | thickening and tightening of the palmar fascia, causing the fourth or fifth finger to bend into the palm |
| joint crepitus | crackling sound produced when a bone rubs against another bone or cartilage |
| osteo/mye/litis | infection of bone and bone marrow, staphylococci are common causes |
| cellul/itis | acute, spreading, swollen, pus forming inflammation of the deep subcutaneous tissues |
| multiple myel/oma | malignant neoplasm of the one marrow that disrupts and destroys bone marrow function |
| osteo/sarcoma | most common type of primary malignant bone tumor |
| paget disease | aka osteitis deformans skeletal disorder characterized by excessive bone destruction |
| rickets | caused by insufficient calcium for bone materialization during growing years, causes skeletal deformities |
| spina bifida | congenital abnormality, defective closure of bones of the spine |
| anomaly | deviation form what is regarded as normal |
| kyphosis | abnormal convexity in the curvature of the thoracic spine |
| lordosis | abnormal concavity of the lumbar spine |
| rachischisis | fissure of one or more vertebra |
| -schisis | fissure |
| connective tissue diseases | osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis |
| gout | inborn error of uric acid metabolism. Painful swelling of joint, chills and fever |
| lyme disease | infection caused by bite of an infected deer tic. Circular rash |
| reduciton | pulling fracture into alignment |
| vertebral plasty | plastic like substance injected on each side of the fractured vertebra to hold fragment is position while bone heals |
| COX 2 inhibitors | celebrex, used to reduce inflammation of arthritis |
Created by:
btuehara
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