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Chap 18 cont 7
Arthrocentesis and bone marrow aspiration
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| what is arthrocentesis | the aspiration of fluid from a joint |
| symptomes of arthrocentesis are | fever of unknown origin, stiffness, limb lameness, leukocytosis, neutrophilia, malaise and anorexia |
| aspiration of the joint is contraindicated in | patients with skin issues, trauma with hemorrhage from movement |
| materials needed for arthrocentesis | sterile gloves, clippers, aseptic scrub, slides, syringes and needles |
| common sites for arthrocentesis are | distal joints, including carpus, tarsus and stifle |
| for aspiration of the carpus | hold the joint in flexion and use the medial radiocarpal joint to avoid cephalic vein |
| aspiration of the tarsus | the jock is held in partial flexion at 90 degrees with the metatarsals and the tibia. the joint in approached medial or laterally |
| the stifle joint is aspirated | in partially flexed during the procedure |
| normal synovial fluid contains | a mixture of small and large mononuclear cells |
| elevations ted to occur with | traumatized or degenerative joints, chronically inflamed joints and joints with osteochondrosis |
| Polymorphonuclear Neutrophils PMN's | generally account for less than 10% of the nucleated cell count. |
| more severly inflammed joints | will have a greater concentration of WBC's with a greater percentage of PMN's |
| Common sites for bone marrow aspiration are | iliac wing, femur and humerus |
| Bone marrow aspiration is performed to | evaluate the cells in the bone marrow |
| Indications of bone marrow aspiration | patients with nonresponsive anemia, thrombocytopenia, neutropenia(w/o spesis), pancytopenia, leukemia, polycythemia and inappropriate RBC response, patients with lymphonma, multiple myeloma. |
| contraindications of bone marrow aspiration are as follows | clotting factor abnormalities, severe thrombocytopenia |
| Complications of bone marrow aspiration include | infection at the site of injection, damage to soft tissue structures, hematoma formation |
| Materials needed to perform a bone marrow aspiration are | aspiration needle, scaple, steril gloves, 12 to 20 syringe, sterile drape, lidocaine, slides and collection tubes |
| what factors determine the site used | age, size and conformation of the patient. Bone marrow of aged patients is less active in long bones than in flat bones |
| Iliac aspiration involves | the patient in sternal or lateral recumbency |
| bone marrow is usually more viscous than blood and contains | bony spicules, is a deeper red and contains fat globules |
| Humeral aspiration | best site because of less tissue, fat and muscle overlying the bone |
| what is the positioning of the aspiration of the humerus | the needle is placed perpendicular to the humeral shaft as the elbow is flexed. the shoulder is rotated externally |
| femoral aspiration is the same as | aspiration from the ilium |
| femoral aspiration is acheieved by | placing the patient is lateral recumbency, the needle is placed within the trochanteric fossa of the femur on the medial aspect of the greater trochanter of the proximal femur |
| fine needle aspiration is | a quick procedure performed to acquire a sample of fluid or tissue cells from an accessible mass in the dermis, viscera or lymph node |
| FNA aid in the differentiation of | inflammation and hyperplasia of the skin or other masses, neoplasia |
| Complications of FNA include | minor hemotoma, tissue damage, and infection |
Created by:
tnewhouse
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