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physdisOT(sensation)
sensation
Sensation | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 |
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Sensation | ability to detect and identify a sensory modality, its intensity, and location | lets us interact with the environment effectively - internal representation of the external world | allows us to engage in puposeful motor activity | (blank) | (blank) | (blank) |
feedback | use feedback from environment to plan our next action- feeding, dressing , bating | effectiveness of motor acts recieved through the various sensory systems | operates relatively slowly | (blank) | (blank) | (blank) |
feedforward | skiing, use sensation from environment to know how to shift etc | used for rapid or ballistic movements planned in advance | (blank) | (blank) | (blank) | (blank) |
Dermatomes | c2- occipital/head | c3- neck | c4- shoulders | c5- bicepts | c-6 down to thumb--c7- pointer---c8 - ringfinger | t1- pinky and all the way up |
CNS conditions associated with sensory loss | Stroke | TBI | Multiple Sclerosis | quality of sensory loss is more generalized in cns injury, person will probably lose more than one sense, and probably affect the whole limb | (blank) | (blank) |
PNS conditions associated with sensory loss | laceration | burn | amputatuin, trauma, fracture | arthritis ( swelling) and overuse injuries | orthepedic conditions of spine | Sensation loss will be more localized, injury hits one specific nerve ( dermatome area) |
spinal chord injury | cnsand pns injury- sensation in lost below the level of the lesion | (blank) | (blank) | (blank) | (blank) | (blank) |
condition sin which sensations are intact | polio | muscular dystrophy | amytropic lateral sclerosis ( lou gherigs) | (blank) | (blank) | (blank) |
Types of sensory loss | anasthesia- no sensation | parasthesia- abnormal sensation | hyposthesia-decreased sensation | hyperesthesia- hypersensitive | analgesia- loss of pain sensation | hypalgesia- decreased pain sensation hyperalgesia- increased pain sensation |
effects of sensory loss on movement | effects accuracy | motor movement wont be smooth | wont know where your body is | (blank) | (blank) | (blank) |
sensory eval | see if its intact | impaired | or lost | (blank) | (blank) | (blank) |
why do we evaluate sensory loss | safety issues | patient education | diagnostic and prognostic- ppl present weird symptoms and need to figure out what senses were lost | feasability of sensory retraining and to figure out when its time for re education ( when nerve regrows) | baseline for progress and documentation for recovery | to alert to use of splints ( pressure points/ heat) |
PNS | test distally to proximally | if not you might get tinnel's sign | (blank) | (blank) | (blank) | (blank) |
Hierarchy of sensation | detection- sensory stimulus ( been touched) | descrimination- iwhat touhced by ( is it hot or cold) | quantification- ( organizing according to degree ( how hot it is) | Recognition ( regocnizing what touched by ( smooth, rough, key) | (blank) | (blank) |
Modalities | light touch- qtip/ monofilament/ erasure | Deep pressure- needed for adls) ( press until skin is blanched)( can have deep pressure and not light touch) | Pain ( sharp vs dull) need for protection - safety pin and paper clip | temperature cold ( 40-45) hot ( 120) | proprioception/ kinesthesia - move their body and they have to repeat or copy you | two ppoint discrimination /// and stereognosis- point to picture of the object they are holding |
treatment for sensory loss | remedial approach- sensory reeducation | done for someone who will regain sensation or misinterprets it | cortical impression is wrong - want to train peson to organize distal impression | use other senses first to get the hang of it | (blank) | (blank) |
general principals for remedial approach | visual feedback - look and feel at same time | brief sessions 2-4 times a day | motivated , able to learn, able to devote time | (blank) | (blank) | (blank) |
treatment for sensory loss | desensitization | used for hypersensitivity | immerse in different textures | glove/continuous pressure | massage | (blank) |
treatment for sensory loss | compensatory loss | for permanent sensation loss | teach person to compensate t avoid injury | become aware of sensory loss | elbo for water check/change position to avoid pressure sore/ rubber handles for pots | monitor skin condition and apply lotion to keep hydrated |