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World Studies Ch. 19
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What were some governmental changes in Czechoslovakia? | Massive protest movement leads to communist leader Milos Jakes to resign in favor of freely elected dissident Vaclev Havel. |
| Military government involving the suspension of ordinary law | Martial law |
| A period of temporary economic decline | recession |
| The principal policy making committee of a Communist Party | Politburo |
| The degree of wealth and material comfort available to a person or community | standard of living |
| Chinese political leader who was twice purged from the Communist party | Deng Xiaoping |
| people who oppose an official policy | dissidents |
| Governmental changes in Germany | Right to travel freely causes citizens of Berlin to tear down the Berlin Wall and leads to resignation of communist government |
| What basic practices were needed for democracies to work? | free elections, citizen participation, majority rule/minority rights and a constitutional government |
| Why is democracy always a work in progress? | Democracies have the ability to change or modify their laws and leaders, making them better meet the needs of the people. (Amendment process in the U.S. Constitution) |
| Governmental changes in Poland | solidarity candidates are voted into office removing the communist dictator |
| Who engaged in ethnic cleansing? | Bosnian Serbs attempted to eliminate the Bosnia Muslims over issues of Bosnia Independence |
| What happened at Tiananmen Square and why did this occur? | a pro democracy student rally was put down by force by the communist government of China which fired at student demonstrators and cleared the square |
| How did the relationship between China and the U.S. improve? | They began improving in the 1970s under Richard Nixon's policy of détente. (U.S. ping pong team was first to visit leading up to Nixo visiting PRC himself o an official visit |
| What was Yeltsin's program of shock therapy? | an abrupt shift to free market policies in Russia |
| How was the Kosovo independence movement resolved? | NATO forces conducted bombing raids to force Yugoslavian forces out of the region |
| What were the 4 modernizations in China? | agriculture, industry, defense, science/technology |
| What people and groups opposed the Apartheid? | ANC, Desmond Tutu, United States and Great Britain (economic boycott) |
| the policy of dividing land amongst the peasants that once belonged to wealthy landlords in Brazil | land reform |
| What was the PRI in Mexico and when were they eventually defeated? | Institutional Revolutionary Party and they dominated politics in Mexico for approximately 40 years; they were not defeated until 1997 with the election of Vicente Fox |
| type of economy that is run by people (citizens) | market economy |
| What were the 3 major Gorbachev reforms? | Glasnost, Perestroika and Democratization |
| South African leader who was a former leader of the ANC who was imprisoned for over 20 years and later was elected as 1st freely elected President of South Africa | Nelson Mandela |
| Why did Nigeria adopt a federal system? | to help create a fair system for the three major ethnic groups in their country |
| introduction of limited free market policies | Perestroika |
| type of economy that is ran my the government | command economy |
| South African leader who began the process of removing Apartheid laws | F.W. De Klerk |
Created by:
emmaschlags
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