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6 - Roman Vocab
| Word | Definition |
|---|---|
| Diocletian | a good emperor who decided to separate the Roman empire into eastern and western portions and ruled the eastern portion |
| persecution | a policy of arresting, injuring, or even killing members of a religious, ethnic, or other minority group |
| Constantinople | a city that was renamed from Byzantium when Constantine moved his capital there, is now called Instanbul |
| Justinian | a great Byzantine emperor who tried to unify the empire, persecuted non-Christians, tried to recapture land in Africa and Europe once a part of the empire, had the Hagia Sophia and many other things built |
| Justinian Code | a code of laws that still influence our laws today that was developed during the time of Justinian |
| Theodora | wife of Justinian, was a great supporter and advisor for him |
| Sicily | island to the west of the southern tip of Italy |
| Alps | mountains along the northern border of Italy |
| Apennines | mountains running length of Italy |
| Tiber River | runs through center of Italy, Rome on this river |
| volcanoes | opening on the surface of the earth that releases lava, gases, and ash |
| plebeians | farmers, tradespeople, and craft workers; lower to middle class |
| patricians | noble families, upper class |
| republic | form of government in which people elect their leaders |
| representatives | people who are elected to act for someone else |
| Senate | representative assembly of patricians (more powerful) |
| tribunes | representatives for the plebeians (less powerful) |
| consuls | served 1 year terms as army commanders and most powerful judges |
| Twelve Tables | written set of Roman laws that were publicly posted |
| Carthage | Phoenecian city on the northern coast of Africa |
| First Punic War | fought between Rome & Carthage, won by Rome, so Rome gained control of Sicily |
| Hannibal | Carthaginian commander who fought in the 2nd Punic War, marched towards Rome through Spain with 90,000 men and some elephants for some successful battles, but could not win the war |
| Scipio Africanus | Roman consul who led army that defeated Hannibal near Carthage |
| Julius Caesar | elected consul, became successful army general, became dictator, was assassinated at the Senate |
| civil war | war between groups within one country |
| Pompey | army general, main opponent of Julius Caesar, fled to Egypt and murdered |
| Cleopatra | queen of Egypt, allied with Julius Caesar |
| dictator | ruler with absolute power |
| Augustus Caesar | first emperor of Rome, given name was Octavian |
| Pax Romana | time of Roman peace, after Augustus became emperor, lasted about 200 years |
| gladiators | trained fighters, fought to the death for entertainment, often criminals or slaves |
| Colosseum | large stadium where entertainment such as gladiator fights occurred |
| census | a count of all the people in a country |
| Pompeii | a Roman city covered in ash by a volcano |
| Christianity | a religion started in Judea, by followers of Jesus who was crucified for spreading his beliefs |
| crucifixion | to be put to death by hanging from a cross |
| apostles | 12 followers of Jesus |
| Paul | major leader of Christians who spread the religion throughout Roman Empire |
| pope | leader of catholic church, means father in Latin |
| Constantine | first Roman emperor to become a Christian |
Created by:
daiseymd
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