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IndustrialRevolution
Industrial Revolution
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Urbanization | Cities growing, people migrating to cities. Occurred during the Industrial Revolution. Rising urban populations provided cheap labor for factories. |
| Rural | Countryside. Where most production occurred before the Industrial Revolution |
| Urban | City. Where most production occurred during and after the Industrial Revolution |
| Capitalism | Economic theory written about by Adam Smith in his book The Wealth of Nations. Capitalism occurred during the Industrial Revolution. |
| Communism | Economic theory invented by Karl Marx and Freidrich Engels in their book The Communist Manifesto. Written during the Industrial Revolution to criticize the problems caused by capitalism. |
| Karl Marx | Father of Communism |
| Adam Smith | Father of Capitalism |
| Factory System | When goods are mass-produced in factories by machines. Invented during the Industrial Revolution |
| Mass-Production | to produce many many goods. Usually requires factories and machines. |
| Domestic System | When goods are produced in small quantity, in villages and towns, by hand. Used before the Industrial Revolution. |
| Child Labor | use of children to work in factories during the Industrial Revolution |
| Raw Materials | materials used to produce manufactured goods. Examples: wood, cotton, tea are raw materials that are then made into tables, cloth, and tea bags. |
| Manufactured Goods | Goods made in factories to sell. The final product. Examples: wood, cotton, tea are raw materials that are made into the following manufactured goods: tables, cloth, tea bags. |
| Labor Unions | Groups of workers who unite to demand better working conditions or pay. Labor Unions formed during the Industrial Revolution in response to the terrible working conditions and low pay. |
| Tenements | Low-income housing during the Industrial Revolution for factory workers. Un-safe, unsanitary. |
| How did the Industrial Revolution impact trade? | Industrialized nations increased international trade in order to get raw materials and natural resources for their factories. |
| What natural resources were necessary for Great Britain and other nations to industrialize? | Coal and Iron |