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History chapter 21
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Clique | an exclusive, elite group |
| Sanctions | League of Nations forbid the sale of certain materials to Italy |
| Lebensraum | additional living space which Hitler wanted to provide the Germans with |
| Appeasement | Chamberlain wanted to stop Hitler's expansion plan through an appeasement, buying off an aggressor by territorial concession |
| Blitzkrieg | lightening war |
| Sitzkrieg | sitting war |
| Fifth Columnists | individuals within a country who secretly aid the enemy by spying, spreading, enemy propaganda, carrying out acts of sabotage, or other similar activities |
| Amphibious | land and sea attack |
| Partisans | fighters who harass an enemy occupying their territory |
| Summit | conference of high-level officials |
| Banzai | waves of Japanese soldiers would charge American infantry positions only to be slaughtered |
| Kamikaze | Japanese suicide pilots |
| Sun Yat-sen | organizer of the Kuomintang, or nationalist party, let the revolt against the Manchu dynasty |
| Chiang Kaishek | took control of the Kuomintang, began a military campaign to reunite China under a national government |
| Mao Zedong | led communist forces who fought about Chiang's conservation forces. Hoped to bring a communist revolution. Fought with Chiang- called a truse |
| Third Reich | new German empire Hitler wanted to establish |
| Rome-Berlin Axis | 1936, Germany and Italy formed an alliance |
| Anti-Comintern Pact | Germany and Japan signed this which was an agreement directed against communism in general, but was aimed at Russia. Italy and Japan signed a similar agreement, brought three nations together and they became the Axis powers |
| Francisco Franco | General of the fascist, revolted against Spain's republican government. Franco defeated Spain and became dictator of Spain. "Dress rehearsal" for ww2 because Germany and Italy got to try out new weapons |
| Neville Chamberlain | prime minister of Great Britain, met with Hitler to solve Czech problem. |
| Edouard Daladier | prime minister of France |
| Munich Conference | Hitler, Chamberlain, and Daladier met to solve the Czech crisis. September 29, 1938, ministers gave Hitler the Sudetenland. |
| Winston Churchill | Member of the House of Commons, denounced the appeasement made between Hitler and Chamberlain. Predicted all of eastern Europe would be subjected to Nazi Tyranny |
| Pact of Steel | Hitler and Mussolini made a military alliance |
| September 1, 1939 | German forces attacked Poland, Britain and France then declared war on Germany. Started WW2 |
| Panzer | powerful armor or tank |
| Luftwaffe | air force |
| Vidkun Quisling | Norway Fifth Columnist, helped Germans conquer |
| Henri Petain | created new French government, controlled areas in France where Germans did not. where Petain ruled became known as Vichy France |
| Charles de Gaulle | led the movement Free French, continued to wage war against the Axis powers |
| Erwin Rommel | German commander, "desert fox", went into North Africa with German Forces, lost the war |
| RAF | Royal Air Force ` |
| Lend-Lease Act | US authorized the president to "sell, transfer title to, exchange, lease, lend, or otherwise dispose of" military supplies to any country whose security was important to the US |
| Atlantic Charter | Churchill and Roosevelt signed this which agreed that after the final destruction of the Nazi tyranny the signatories would seek such things as the disarmament of aggressor nations, freedom of the seas, and equal economic opportunities |
| Hideki Tojo | militarist who became the virtual dictator of Japan, decided attack on American fleets at Pearl Harbor would be beneficial |
| December 7, 1941 - December 8 | Japan attacked Americans at Pearl Harbor, next day US Congress declared war on Japan |
| Bernard Montgomery | British commander who defeated the Germans at the battle of El Alamein |
| Dwight Eisenhower | Allied commander who planned D-Day |
| "Big Three" | Churchill, Roosevelt, Stalin |
| Operation Overlord | code name for the invasion of France, planned by Us and Britain |
| D-Day, June 6 1944 | Planned by Eisenhower, attack German forces on five different Normandy beaches |
| Douglas MacArthur | American commander who escaped the Philippines but stated "I shall return". Returned in 1944 with American troops and fought off the Japanese |
| Battle of the Bulge | Allied troops went into Europe pushing German troops became toward Germany |
| Yalta Conference | recognized Soviet control of eastern Europe, Roosevelt and Churchill wanted Soviet aid in the war with Japan, Stalin promised R&C that he would allow free elections in Europe following the war- Stalin did not keep his word |
| May 8 1945 | Germans surrendered to the Allied powers, ended the war in Europe |
| Harry Truman | President, ordered atomic bomb drop on Hiroshima, Japan |
| Clement Atlee | new prime minister of Britain |
| September 2 1945 | Japan signed surrender document with the Allied representatives |
Created by:
breanne10
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