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Chapter 22
Pharmacology
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| analgesic | relieves pain without causing loss of consciousness |
| anesthetic | produces lack of feeling either locally or generally thruout body |
| antacid | neutralizes stomach acid |
| antianemic | replaces iron |
| antianxiety | relieves anxiety |
| antianginal | dilates coronary arteries to increas blood flow and reduce angina |
| antiarrhythmic | controls cardiac arrhythmias |
| antibiotic, antiinfective, antibacterial | destroys or inhibits growth of harmful microorganisms |
| anticholinergic | blocks nerve impulses and muscular reactions (parkinsons or nausea) |
| anticoagulant | prevents blood clotting |
| anticonvulsnat | inhibits convulsions |
| antidepressant | prevents or relieves symptoms of depression |
| antidiabetic | lowers blood sugar or increases insulin sensitivity |
| antidiarrheal | prevents or slows diarrhea |
| antidepressant | prevents or relieves symptomsof depreesion |
| antiemetic | prevents or relieves nausea and vomiting |
| antifungal | destroys and inhibits fungal growth |
| antihistamine | slows allergiv reactions by counteracting histamines |
| antihypertensive | controls high blood pressure |
| anti inflammatory, nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug (nsaid) | counteracts inflammation |
| antineoplastic | destroys malignant cells |
| antiparkinson | controls symptoms of parkinson's disease |
| antipsychoti | controls symptoms of schizophrenia and some psychoses |
| antipyretic | reduces fever |
| antitubercular | decreases growth of microorganisms that cuase tuberculosis |
| antitussive, expectorant | prevents and relieves coughing |
| antiulcer | relieves and heals ulcers |
| antiviral | controls growth of viral microorganisms |
| barbiturate | controls epileptic seizures |
| bronchodilator | dilates bronchial passages |
| decongestant | reduces nasal congestion or swelling |
| diuretic | increases excretion of urine |
| hemostatic | controls or stops bleedin |
| hynotic, sedative | produces sleep or hypnotic state |
| hypoglycemic | lowers blood glucose levels |
| laxative | loosens stool and promotes normal bowel elimination |
| vasodialtor | decrease blood pressure by relaxing blood vessels |
| absorb | to take into |
| antidote | substance able to canel out unwanted effects of another substance |
| buccally | inside cheek |
| contraindicated | inadviable to use; might cause complicationswhen mixed with other drugs |
| drug | biological or chemical agents that can air or alter body functions |
| enteric coated | having coating that prevents stomach irritation |
| exrete | to separate out and expel |
| generic | sortened version of chemical name; official drug name |
| infusion | adminsitration of fluid thru intraveous tube at slow and steady rate |
| inhalation | taking in of drugs in fine spray of droplets |
| inraarterial | injected directly into artery |
| intracardiac | injected directlyinto heart muscle |
| intradermal; intracutaneous | injected just beneath outer layer of skin |
| intramuscular | injected deep into muscle tissue |
| intraosseus | injected direclt into bone |
| intraspinal; intrathecal | injected directlyinto spianl spaces |
| medication | drug that serves a therpeutic purpose |
| metabolize | to change chemically or physically to make useful |
| oral administration | swallowin of pills or liquids by mouth |
| otc | avaiable for sale without doctors prescription |
| parenteral administration | administration by injection |
| pharmacist | person licensed to dispense medications |
| pharmacodynamics | study of how drugs affect body |
| pharmacokinetics | study of how body absorbs metabolizes and excretes drugs |
| pharmacology | science that studies develops and tests new drugs |
| prescription | order given by doctor for medication dosage route and timing of admin |
| brand name; trade name; proprietary name | name copyrighted by manufacturer for particular version of drug |
| topically | on surface of skin |
| syringse | instrument used for injection or withdrawl of fluids |
| subcutaneous | injected into fatty later of tissue beneath outer layer of skin |
| sublingually | under tongue |
| suppository | drug mixed with semisolid melting substance mean for admin by insertin into vagina urethra or rectum |
| toxicology | study of harmful effects of drugs |
| vial | small receptable for holding lquid or pill medications |
| vitamin | organic substance found in food |
| chemo | chemical |
| pyreto | fever |
| aa | of each |
| a.c. | before meals |
| ad | up to |
| a.d. | right ear |
| ad lib | freely as often as desired |
| am a.m. a | morning |
| as left ear | left ear |
| daw | dispense as writte |
| dil. | dilute |
| dc disc | discontinue |
| div. | divide |
| dw | distilled water |
| dx | diagnosis |
| d5w | dextrose 5% in water |
| elix. | elixir |
| e.m.p. | as directed |
| ex aq. | in water |
| ext. | extract |
| fda | food and drug admin |
| fld. ext. | fluid extract |
| fuo | fever of unknown origin |
| g gm | grain gram |
| gtt | drop |
| h | hypodermic |
| h. | every hour |
| h.s. | at bed time |
| im | intramuscular |
| inj | injection |
| a.u. au | each ear |
| bid b.i.d. | twice a day |
| c | with |
| cap. caps. | capsule |
| cc.cc | cubic centimeter |
| comp. | compound |
| cx | contraindicated |
| ml | milliliter |
| n noct | night |
| non rep. | do not repeat |
| npo | nothing by mouth |
| npo p mn | nothing by mouth after midnight |
| n.s. ns | normal saline |
| n & v | nausea and vomiting |
| o.d. od | right eye |
| oint. ung. | ointment, unguent |
| o.l. | left eye |
| o.s. | left eye |
| otc | over the counter |
| o.u. | each eye |
| oz. | ounce |
| p | post after |
| p.c. | after meals |
| pdr | physicians desk reference |
| pm p.m. p | afternoon |
| p.o. | by mouth |
| prn p.r.n | repeat as needed |
| pulv. pwdr | powder |
| qam | every morning |
| iv | intravenous |
| mcg | microgram |
| meq | miilliequivalent |
| mg | milligram |
| q.o.d. | every other day |
| q.s. | sufficient quanitiy |
| r | rectal |
| s | without |
| rx | prescription |
| sol. soln. | solution |
| ss | one half |
| sp. | spirit |
| s.o.s. | if there is need |
| subc subq s.c. | subcutaneously |
| supp. suppos | suppository |
| u.s.p | united states pharmacopeia |
| u.d. | as directed |
| u | unit |
| tsp. | teaspoonful |
| tpr | temp pulse respirations |
| tpn | total parenteral nutrition |
| tinct. tr. tincture | tnicture |
| t.i.d. | 3x day |
| tbsp. | tablespoonful |
| tab. | tablet |
| syr. | syrup |
| sym sx | symptom |
| susp. | suspension |
| qns | quanitiy not sufficient |
| q.h. | every hour |
| q.d. | every day |
| q.i.d | 4x a day |
| sig. | patient directions such as route and timing of medicaton |
| sl | sublingual |
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