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Chapter 18

Oncology: Cancers & Causes

TermDefinition
anaplasia loss of cell differentiation
apoptosis normal death of cells
benign encapsulated; not malignant
cytoplas, outer portion of cell surrounding nucleus
dedifferentiated lacking normal orderly cell arrangement
differentiated growing in orderly fashion
dysplasia abnormal tissue growth
encapsulated held with in capsule; benign
heteroplasia dysplasia
malignant growing uncontrollably
invasive infiltrating other organs; spreading
mitosis cell division
mutation alteration in dna to produce defective cells
neoplasm tumor; new growth
oncogene dna fragment that causes malignancies
sarcoma relativiely rare tumor that orginates in muscle; connective tissue; lymph
solid tumor carcinoma; most common type of tumor
teratoma growth containing several types of tissue and various types of cells
tuomr growth made up of cells that reproduce abnormally
blasto immature cell
carcino cancer
muta genetic change
mutageno genetic change
onco tumor
radio radiation xrays
blast immature cell
oma omata tumor
plasia formation
plasm formation
plastic formative
all acute lymphocytic leukemia
aml acute myelogenous leukemia
bx biopsy
ca carcinoma
chemo chemotherapy
cea carcinogenic embryonic antigen
cll chronic lymphocytic leukemia
cml chronic myelogenous leukemia
des diethylstilbbestrol
dna deoxyribonucleic acid
dre digital rectal exam
er estrogen receptor
mets metastases
nhl non hodgkin's lymphoma
psa prostate specific antigen
rad radiation absorbed dose
rna ribonucleic acid
rt radiation therapy
tnm tumor nodes metastasis
tx treatmenet
xrt xray or radiation therapy
alveolar forming small sacs
anaplastic reverting to more immature form
carcinoma in situ contained at site w/o spreading
diffuse spreading evenly
cystic filled with fluid
dysplastic abnormal cell appearance
epidermoid resembling epithelial cells
folicular containing glandular sacs
fungating grwoing in mushroom like pattern
grade level of maturity of tumor
hyperchromatic intensely ccolored
hyperplastic excessive development of cells
hypoplastic underdeveloped as tissue
inflammatory having inflamed appearance (red and swollen)
medullary large and fleshy
necrotic containing dead tissue
nodular formed in tight clusters
papillary having papillae projecting from cells
pleomorphic having many types of cells
polypoid containing polyps
protocol course of treatment
radiation bombarding of tumors with rays that damage the dna of cells
scirrhous hard densely packed
stage degree of tumor spread
tnm system tumor node metastsis system of categorixing tumors
ulcerating having open wounds
undifferentiated lacking defined cell structure
verrucous wartlike in appearance
brush biopsy passing of catheter with bristles into ureter to gather eclls for examination
cryosurgery destruction by freezing
electrocauterization destruction by burning tissue
excisional biopsy removal of tumor and surrounding tissue for examination
exenteration removal of organ tumor and surrounding tissue
exfoliative biopsy scraping of skin cells from skin surface for examination
fulguration destruction by high frequency current
incisional biopsy removal of part of tumor for examination
needle biopsy removal of cells for examination by aspirating them with needle
lympectomy removal of localized tumor
resctioning removal of tumor and large amount of surrounding tissue
tylectomy removal of localized tumro
biological therapy treatment of cancer with agents from body that increase immune response
chemotherapy treatment of cancer using drugs
gene therapy mehtod of treatment using genetically changed cells to cure or lessen symptoms of disease
modality method of treatment
Created by: cs3516
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