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PHS Unit 6, Part 3
Respiratory System
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Nose | Opening where air enters |
| Nasal Cavity | Hollow space in the nose lined with mucous membranes; As air enters, it is warmed, filtered, & moistened |
| Cilia | tiny hair-like structures that trap dirt/particles |
| Sinuses | Cavities in the skull which help in voice resonance |
| Pharynx | Throat (helps carry air to the lungs & food to the stomach) |
| Epiglottis | cartilage flap that prevents food from entering the respiratory tract |
| Larynx | Voicebox (vocal cords vibrate to produce speech when air exits the lungs) |
| Trachea | Windpipe (tube from the larynx to the chest) |
| Bronchus | Lower end of the trachea that divides to connect to the lungs |
| Bronchiole | Lower/smaller bronchi within the lungs |
| Alveoli | Cluster of thin-walled sacs surrounded by capillaries that exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide |
| Lungs | Organs of respiration |
| Diaphragm | Muscle that makes breathing possible |
| Ventilation | the process of breathing |
| Inspiration | (inhalation) the diaphragm contracts (moves down) and the rib cage expands |
| Expiration | (exhalation) the diaphragm relaxes (moves up) and the rib cage returns to normal |
| External Respiration | Exchange of carbon dioxide & oxygen between the lungs and blood stream |
| Internal Respiration | Exchange of carbon dioxide & oxygen between the tissue cells and blood stream |
| Asthma | Narrowed bronchioles caused by spasms/swelling (triggered by allergies or exercise) |
| Bronchitis | Inflammation (swelling) of the bronchial tubes (caused by infection) |
| Emphysema | Walls of alveoli deteriorate and lose their elasticity |
| Epistaxis | nosebleed |
| Influenza | Viral infection that causes coughing, sneezing, fatigue, body aches and contagious with a quick onset |
| Laryngitis | Inflammation of the voicebox |
| Lung Cancer | Abnormal cell growth found mainly in the lungs of smokers |
| Pneumonia | Lung infection of the alveoli |
| Rhinitis | Inflammation of the nasal mucous membranes |
| Sinusitis | Inflammation of the mucous membranes in the sinuses |
| Tuberculosis | Infectious bacterial lung disease where lesions form in the lungs that can spread (Highly contagious) |
| Lung capacity | the volume of air that can fill your lungs |
| Vital capacity | the largest possible amount of air that can be exhaled after drawing a deep breath |
| Expiratory reserve | the amount of air that remains in the lungs after exhaling normally |
| Tidal volume | the amount of air taken in or expelled during normal breathing |
Created by:
vorachekt
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