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chapter 13

vascular system-vocab cont...

TermDefinition
heart rate and force in general, if heart rate and force increase, blood pressure increases; this is what happens during exercise.
peripheral resistance the resistance of the blood vessels to the flow of blood; changes the diameter of arteries have effects on blood pressure.
elasticity of the large arteries when the left ventricle contracts, the blood that enters the large arteries stretches the arteries' walls.
viscosity of the blood normal blood viscosity depends upon the presence of red blood cells and plasma proteins, especially albumin.
viscosity of the blood (continue)... a decreased number of red blood cells, as is seen with severe anemia, or decreased albumin, as may occur in liver or kidney disease, will decrease blood viscosity and blood pressure.
loss of blood a small loss of blood, as when donating a pint of blood, will cause a temporary drop in blood pressure followed by rapid compensation in the form of a more rapid heart rate and greater vasoconstriction.
pulmonary circulation begins at the right ventricle.
systemic circulation begins at the left ventricle.
renin-angiotensin mechanism a series of chemical reactions initiated by a decrease in blood pressure that stimulates the kidneys to secrete the enzyme renin; culminates in the formation of angiotensin 2.
angiotensin 2 the final product of the renin-angiotensin mechanism; stimulates vasoconstriction and increased secretion of aldosterone, both of which help raise blood pressure.
vasomotor center consists of a vasoconstrictor area and a vasodilator area.
Created by: cramacher
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