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WH2.3
Reformation
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Define Usury | The charging of interest on a loan to make a profit |
| Define Denomination | Branches of Christianity - ie. Catholicism vs. Protestantism |
| Define Reformation | A time of reform |
| Define Indulgences | Slips of paper sold by the Catholic Church as forgiveness of sins |
| Define Protestant/Protestantism | A Christian that is not a Catholic |
| Define Predestination | Idea that your destiny is determined before you are born; you are either going to Heaven or Hell; idea developed by John Calvin |
| Define Jesuits | Society of Jesus; group within the Catholic Church that spread Catholic doctrine across Europe |
| Define Inquisition | Formal way to punish heretics of the Catholic Church; would use torture sometimes to enforce Catholic doctrine |
| Define Council of Trent | Meeting that the Catholic Church held to reevaluate Catholic practices and beliefs as a response to the Protestant Reformation |
| Define Edict of Nantes | Document signed by King Henry IV of France giving French Huguenots [Protestants] religious protections in France |
| Define Thirty Years War | War fought between Catholics and Protestants in Europe; Cardinal Richelieu changed the focus of the war from religious to political |
| Define Secular/Secularism | Non religious; separation of church and state |
| Define Individualism | Focusing on the individual's wants/needs instead of following a group [such as the Catholic Church] |
| Define Vernacular | Common language of the people; Germany's vernacular is German, France's is French, etc. |
| Define Doctrine | Beliefs or rules of a certain group; ie. Religious Doctrine are the beliefs of the Church |
| Where is Martin Luther from? | Germany |
| What area converted to Protestantism in Germany in an effort to break away from the Catholic Church? | Northern Germany's princes |
| Who continued to support the Catholic Church in Germany? | Hapsburg family and the Holy Roman Empire |
| What document gave religious freedom to Protestants in France? | Edict of Nantes |
| What is a Huguenot? | French Protestant |
| What is the major war between Catholics and Protestants called? | Thirty Years' War |
| What did the Council of Trent do? | Reaffirmed most Catholic doctrine |
| Who were dissenters of the Catholic Church before Martin Luther? | Jan Huss, John Wycliffe |
| What person changed the focus of the Thirty Years’ War from a religious to a political conflict? | Cardinal Richelieu |
| What are some long-lasting values that develop during the Reformation? | Growth of secularism, individualism, and religious tolerance |
| What is the goal of the Society of Jesus (The Jesuits)? | The Jesuits were founded to spread Catholic doctrine around the world |
| Who invented the printing press? | Gutenberg |
| What languages was the Bible printed in? | English, French, and German |
| What spreads Renaissance and Reformation ideas around Europe? | The printing press |
| What is the first book printed on Gutenberg's invention? | The Bible |
| What was the Catholic Church’s view of usury? | Against usury because it was wrong to charge interest |
| What is usury? | The lending of money and charging high interest |
| Who would have supported usury? | European merchants |
| Germans and English nobility were upset with what group dominating the Catholic Church? | Italians |
| What did the Church as a way to raise money? | Sell indulgences |
| What is an indulgence? | Paying for the forgiveness of sins |
| What did Martin Luther do that was significant? | Posted the 95 Theses which started the Protestant Reformation |
| What were Martin Luther’s beliefs? | Salvation by faith alone (no indulgences), Bible is ultimate authority, all humans are equal before God |
| What were John Calvin’s beliefs? | Predestination, faith revealed by righteous living, strong work ethic |
| What are major actions of Henry VIII? | -Breaks away from Catholic Church -Heads the Church of England -Keeps money/land of Catholic Church |
| What does Henry VIII want the Pope to grant him? | Divorce (annulment) from his wife |
| Define predestination | God has decided your fate of going to Heaven or Hell before your lived your life |
| Who shows religious tolerance for dissenters? | Elizabeth I |
| Who is the head of the Anglican Church? | Elizabeth I |
| Who defeats the Spanish Armada? | Elizabeth I |
| Why did the Spanish Armanda attack England? | To convert England back to Catholicism |
Created by:
kmprice06
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