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MedTerm7
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| acetabular | pertaining to the hip socket |
| calcaneal | pertaining to the heel bone |
| carpal | pertaining to the wrist |
| cervical | pertaining to the neck |
| clavicular | pertaining to the collar bone |
| coccygeal | pertaining to the tail bone |
| costal cartilage | pertaining to the rib cartilage |
| cranial | pertaining to the skull |
| femoral | pertaining to the thigh bone |
| fibular | pertaining to the lower leg bone |
| fontanel | soft spots. fontanels allow the cranial bone to move together as the head goes through the birth canal and move apart as the brain grows during childhood. |
| frontal | pertaining to the front |
| humeral | pertaining to the upper arm bone |
| iliac | pertaining to the hip bone |
| intervertebral | pertaining to in between vertebra |
| ischial | pertaining to the hip bone |
| lacrimal | pertaining to tears |
| lumbar | pertaining to the lower back or area between the ribs and the pelvis |
| mandibular | pertaining to the lower jaw |
| mastoid | resembling the breast |
| maxillary | pertaining to the upper jaw |
| metacarpal | pertaining to after the wrist |
| metatarsal | pertaining to after the ankle |
| musuloskeletal | pertaining to the muscle skeleton |
| occipital | pertaining to the back of the head |
| olecranon | a large, square projection that form the point of the elbow |
| parietal | pertaining to the wall of the cavity |
| patellar | pertaining to the knee cap |
| pelvic | pertaining to the hip bone/renal pelvis |
| phanlangeal | pertaining to the fingers or toes |
| pubic | pertaining to the hip bone (pubis) |
| radial | pertaining to the radius (forearm bone) |
| sacral | pertaining to the sacrum |
| sagittal | pertaining to going from front to back |
| scapular | pertaining to the shoulder blade |
| sternal | pertaining to the breast bone |
| tarsal | pertaining to the ankle |
| temporal | pertaining to the temple (side of the head) |
| thoracic | pertaining to the chest |
| tibial | pertaining to the shin bone |
| ulnar | pertaining to the ulna (forearm bone) |
| vertebral | pertaining to the vertebra |
| xiphoid | resembling a sword |
| bone tumor | osteoma is a beign tumor of the bone. osteosarcoma is a maligant bone tumor in which osteoblasts, the cells that form new bone, multiply uncontrollably. it is also known as osteogenic sarcoma. |
| fracture | the result of break up |
| closed fracture | any fracture in which the bone does not break through the overlying skin |
| open fracture | any fracture in which the bone breaks through the overlying skin. also known as a compound fracture |
| non-displaced fracture | broken bone ends remain in ther anatomical alignment |
| displaced fracture | broken bone ends are pulled out of their normal anatomical alignment |
| colles' fracture | distal radius is broken by falling onto an outstretched hand |
| comminuted fracture | bone is crushed into several small pieces |
| depressed fracture | cranium is fractured inward toward the breain |
| greenstick fracture | bone is broken on only one side. this occurs in shildren because part of the none is still flexible cartilage |
| hairline fracture | very thin fracture line with the bone pieces still together. hard to detect except in an x-ray |
| oblique fracture | bone is broken on an oblique angle |
| spiral fracture | bone is broken in a sprial because of a twisting force |
| transverse fracture | bone is broken in a transverse plane perpendicular to its long axis |
| hemarthrosis | blood in the joint cavity from blunt trauma or a penetrating wound |
| kyphosis | abnormal, excessive, posterior curvature of the thoracic spine. |
| lordosis | abnormal, excessive anterior curvature of the lumbar spine |
| osteomalacia | abnormal softening of the bones due to a deficiency of vitamin D in the diet or inadequate exposure to the sun whose rays make vitamin D in the skin. |
| osteoporosis | abnormal thinning of the bone structure |
| osteomyelitis | infection in the bone and the bone marrow. |
| ankylosing spondylitis | chronic inflammation of the vertebrae that leads to fibrosis, fusion, and restriction of movement of the spine |
| dislocation | displacement of the end of a bone from its normal position within a joint |
| gout | metabolic disorder that occurs most often in men. there is a high level of uric acid in the blood. |
| Lyme disease | arthritis caused by a bacterium in the bite of an infected deer tick |
| osteoarthritis | chronic inflammatory disease of the joints, particularly the large weight-bearing joins and joints that move repeatedly. |
| rheumatoid arthritis | acute and chronic inflammatory disease of connective tissue, particularly of the joints |
| scoliosis | abnormal, excessive, c-shaped or s-shaped lateral curvature of the spine |
| sprain | over stretching or tearing of a ligament around a joint |
| torn meniscus | tear of the cartilage pad of the knee because of an injury |
| genu valgum | congenital deformity in which the knees are rotated toward the midline and are abnormally close together and the lower legs are bent laterally |
| genu varum | congenital deformity in which the knees are rotated laterally away from each other and the lower legs are bent toward the midline |
| hallux valgus | deformity in which the great toes angled laterally toward the other toes |
| talipes equinovarus | congenital deformity in which the foot is pulled downward and toward the midline |
| rheumatoid factor (RF) | blood test that is usually positive in patients with rheumatoid arthritis |
| uric acid | blood test that has an elevated level in patients with gout and gouty arthritis |
| bone density test | procedure that measures the bone mineral density to determine if demineralization from osteoporosis has occurred |
| DEXA scan | uses two x-ray beams with different energy levels to creat a two-dimensional image |
| QCT scan | uses an x-ray beam and a CT scan to create a three-dimensional image. |
| amputation | procedure to remove all or part of an extremity because of trauma, cardiovascular disease, or diabetes mellitus. |
| closed reduction | procedure in which manual manipulation of a displaced fracture is performed so that the bone ends go back into normal alignment without the need for surgery. |
| bone graft | procedure that uses whole bone or bone chips to repair fractures with extensive bone loss or defects due to bone cancer. |
| autograft | bone taken from the patient's own body |
| allograft | frozen or freeze-dried bone taken from a cadaver |
| arthroplasty | the process of reshaping by the joint |
| arthroscopy | procedure that uses an arthroscope inserted into the joint to visualize structures inside the joint |
| bunionectomy | procedure to remove the prominent part of the metatarsal bone that is causing a bunion |
| external fixation | procedure used to treat a complicated fracture |
| total hip replacement | a surgery done on the hips to replace a joint that has been destroyed by disease or osteoarthritis. |
| prosthesis | orthopedic device such as an artificial leg for a patient who has had an amputation of a limb |
| traction | procedure that uses weight to pulle the bone ends of a fracture into correct alignment. |
| aarthrocentesis | procedure to remove an accumulation of fluid from an injured joint by using a needle inserted intot he joint space. |
| arthrodesis | procedure to fuse the bones n a degenerated, unstable joint |
| ORIF | procedure to treat a complicated fracture |
| goniometry | procedure in which a goniometer is used to measure the angle of a joint and its ROM |
| orthrosis | orthopedic device such as a brace, splint, or collar that is used to immobilize a body part and keep it straight or correct an orthopedic problem |
| analgesic | pertaining to without the sensation of pain |
| nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAIDS) | pertaining to not a steriod |
| corticosteriod | cortex (outer region) steriod |
| bone resorption inhibitor | inhibit osteoclasts from breaking down bone |
| gold compound | inhibit the immune response that attacks the joints and connective tissue in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. |
| AKA | above the knee amputation |
| AP | anteroposterior |
| BKA | below the knee amputation |
| BMD | bone mineral density |
| CHD | congentital dislocation of the hip |
| ESWT | extracorporeal shock wave therapy |
| OA | osteoarthritis |
| C1-C7 | cervical vertebrae |
| Ca | calcium |
| Fx | fracture |
| L1-L5 | lumbar vertebrae |
| LLE | left lower extremity |
| LUE | left upper extremity |
| P | phosphorus |
| RF | rheumatoid factor |
| NSAID | nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug |
| Ortho | orthopedics |
| ORIF | open reduction and internal fixation |
| PT | physical therapy or physical therapist |
| RA | rheumatoid arthritis |
| RLE | right upper extremity |
| ROM | range of motion |
| RUE | right lower extremity |
| T1-T12 | thoracic vertebrae |
| THR | total hip replacement |
| tib-fib | tibia-fibula |
| DJD | degenerative joint disease |
Created by:
Beckster_Bug
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