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Global Studies
Classical Civilizations (c. 1000 BC-500 AD)
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Classical Civilizations (c. 1000 BC-500 AD) | Greek city-states Athens and Sparta, Rome, India and China |
| Golden Age | A period of great achievements in art, literature, math, and science |
| city-state | independent; had its own government and land; most famous are Athens and Sparta |
| Sparta | A military society where men spent almost all of their lives training for warfare; very little freedom |
| Athens | first democracy in the world;focused heavily on culture; philosophers Socrates, Plato and Aristotle; polytheistic; olympics and Alexander the Great |
| Hellenistic | the mixture of Greek, Egyptian, Persian, and Indian culture that took place in the areas that Alexander conquered. |
| democracy | a form of government in which people can vote |
| Rome | began as a small city-state but eventually created a large empire by conquering the regions that surrounded the Mediterranean Sea (i.e.- Western Europe, coast of Northern Africa, Greece, Anatolia, and Western Asia) |
| Roman roads | Allowed Romans to unite the areas of their empire and grow wealthy from trade |
| Twelve Tables of Rome | Written set of laws that stated the rules of behavior for members of Roman society |
| Pax Romana | Means “Roman Peace.” This was the 200-year Golden Age of Rome |
| Classical India | Two main dynasties (families of rulers): The Maurya Dynasty and the Gupta Dynasty |
| Asoka | Ruler of India; Maurya Dynasty; displayed laws on tall rock pillars; converted to Buddhism during his reign and is known for his kind treatment of people and animals. |
| Gupta Dynasty | the GOLDEN AGE of India; achievements include the invention of zero in mathematics, the development of Sanskrit writing, and beautiful Buddhist paintings. |
| Caste System | people born into social class (caste); four main castes were Brahmins (priests), Kshatriyas (warriors), Vaisyas (merchants and artisans), and Sudras (laborers). The Untouchables (they had the worst jobs). |
| Classical China | ruled by two main dynasties (families of rulers): The Qin Dynasty and the Han Dynasty. |
| philosophy of Legalism | Believes that humans are evil and that harsh punishments are needed to keep order in society |
| Han Dynasty | ruled for 400 years; grew wealthy through trade because of the system of ROADS |
| Civil Service System | government positions were given only to skilled people who passed difficult exams. |
| Silk Road | a long trade route that extended about 4,000 miles from China to the Mediterranean Sea |
| Cultural Diffusion | the exchange of goods and ideas between societies |
| Ideas about Law in Rome | legal ideas developed like "innocent until proven guilty" that we use today |
| polytheistic | belief in many gods |
| Olympic Games | games held in Greece every 4 years to honor Zeus |
| Alexander the Great | famous GREEK leader who conquered Greece, Egypt, Persia and part of India |
| Dynasty | families of rulers |
| Legalism | believes humans are EVIL - harsh punishments needed to keep order |
Created by:
dawn_pierson
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