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HUG ch9 vocab
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| CBD | the commercial and often geographic heart of a city. |
| synekism | the union of several small urban settlements under the rule of a "capital" city |
| urban | characterized by higher population density and vast human features in comparison to the areas surrounding it. |
| city | a relatively large and permanent human settlement. |
| agricultural village | A relatively small village, where most of the population was involved in agriculture. |
| agricultural surplus | agricultural production in excess which the producer needs for his own sustenance for his family and then sold for consumption by the market |
| social stratification | the hierarchical or vertical division of society according to rank, caste, or class |
| leadership class | Group of decision-makers and organizers in early cities who controlled the resources, and often the lives, of others. |
| first urban revolution | The historical emergence of cities and urbanism. |
| mesopotmamia | Region of great cities |
| nile river valley | Chronologially the second urban hearth dating back to 3200 BCE. |
| indus river valley | Chronoligcally the third urban hearth dating back to 2200 BCE. |
| huang he and wei river valleys | Rivers in present-day China |
| mesoamerica | a region and cultural area in the Americas |
| peru | Republic in western South America |
| secondary hearth | an early adopter of a cultural practice or trait that becomes a central locale from which the practice or trait further diffuses |
| acropolis | a citadel or fortified part of an ancient Greek city |
| agora | a public open space used for assemblies and markets |
| site | The internal physical attributes of a place, including its absolute location, its spatial character and physical setting. |
| situation | The external location attributes of a place; its relative location or regional position with reference to other nonlocal places. |
| urban morphology | The study of the physical form and structure of urban places |
| functional zonation | The division of a city into different regions, or zones |
| forum | a place, meeting, or medium where ideas and views on a particular issue can be exchanged |
| trade-area | Area where a large trade organization is taken place |
| rank-size rule | the distribution of city sizes around the world, the sizes of businesses, the sizes of particles, the lengths of rivers, the frequencies of word usage |
| primate area | A country's largest city-ranking atop the urban hierarchy-most expressive of the national culture and usually (but not always) the capital as well. |
| central place theory | theory that seeks to explain the number, size and location of human settlements in an urban system. |
| sunbelt phenomenon | the movement of millions of americans from north and northestern states to south and southwest regions |
| zone | an area or stretch of land having a particular characteristic, purpose, or use, or subject to particular restrictions. |
| central city | a heavily populated city at the center of a large metropolitan area. |
| suburb | an outlying district of a city, esp. a residential one |
| suburbanization | Movement of upper and middle-class people from urban core areas to the surrounding outskirts to escape pollution as well as deteriorating social conditions |
| concentric zone model | A structural model of the American central city that has five concentric land-use rings arranged around a common center. |
| edge cities | the shifting focus of urbanization in the United States of America, away from the Central Business District |
| megacites | a very large city, typically one with a population of over ten million people |
| griffin-ford model | a model of the Latin American city showing a blend of traditional elements of Latin America culture |
| shanty towns | Unplanned slum development on the marigins of cities |
| disamenity sector | The very poorest parts of cities that in extreme cases are not connected to regular city services and are controlled by gangs and drug lords |
| mcgee model | a model showing similar land-use patterns among the medium-sized cities of Southeast Asia. |
| zoning laws | the practice of designating permitted uses of land based on mapped zones which separate one set of land uses from another |
| redlining | in which members of minority groups are prevented from obtaining money to purchase homes or property in predominately white neighborhoods |
| mcmansions | a large modern house that is considered ostentatious and lacking in architectural integrity. |
| urban sprawl | Unrestricted growth in many American urban areas of housing, commercial development, and roads over large expanses of land, with little concern for urban planning. |
| new urbanism | an urban design movement which promotes walkable neighborhoods containing a range of housing and job types. |
| gated communities | a residential area with roads that have gates to control the movement of traffic and people into and out of the area. |
| informal economy | part of an economy that is not taxed, monitored by any form of government or included in any gross national product |
| world city | Dominant city in terms of its role in the global political economy. |
| spaces of consumption | areas of a city the main purpose of which is to encourage people to consume goods and services driven primarily by the global media industry |
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maddykeilholz
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