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12.6 Terms of Pulmo.
Terminology of Pulmonology
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Alveolus (pl. alveoli) | a hollow sphere of cells that expands and contracts with each breath |
| Ambu bag | a hand-held device that is used to manually breathe for the patient on a temporary basis |
| Anoxic | a patient with a complete lack of oxygen in the arterial blood and body tissues |
| Apex | the rounded top of each lung |
| Asphyxia | an abnormally high level of carbon dioxide and an abnormally low level of oxygen |
| Asthma | hyperactivity of the bronchi and bronchioles with bronchospasm |
| Atelectatic | incomplete expansion of collapse of part or all of a lung due to mucus, tumor, trauma or a foreign body that blocks the bronchus |
| Bronchus (pl. bronchi) | either of the two primary divisions of the trachea that lead respectively into the lungs |
| Cancer | any type of malignant growth or tumor, caused by abnormal and uncontrolled cell division |
| Cannula | a small tube for insertion into a body cavity, duct, or vessel |
| Carbon dioxide | a colorless, odorless, incombustible gas formed during respiration and organic decomposition |
| Cilia | small hairs that flow in coordinated waves to move mucus and trapped particles toward the throat |
| Concha (pl. conchae) | any of various structures, such as the external ear, that resemble a shell in shape. |
| Diaphragm | a sheet of skeletal muscle, lies along the inferior border of the thoracic cavity |
| Edema | fluid collection in tissue |
| Embolus | a blood clot or fat globule in the circulatory system |
| Epiglottis | a lid-like structure |
| Heimlich maneuver | procedure to assist a choking victim with an airway obstruction |
| Hilum (pl. hila) | an indentation on the medial surface of the lung where a bronchus enters the lung |
| Hypoxic | very low level of oxygen in the cells |
| Influenza | acute viral infection of the upper and lower respiratory system with fever, aches and a cough |
| Larynx | voice box |
| Legionnaire’s disease | severe, sometimes fatal, bacterial infection with flu-like symptoms, aches and fever |
| Legionella pneumophilia | bacteria responsible for Legionnaire’s disease |
| Lobe | large divisions of the lung, whose dividing lines are visible on the outer surface of the lung |
| Lumen | the cavity of a tubular organ or part, as in lumen of a blood vessel |
| Mantoux | test to determine if a patient has been exposed to tuberculosis |
| Mediastinum | an irregularly shaped area that contains the trachea, heart and esophagus |
| Mucosa | a mucous membrane that humidifies the air and produces mucus |
| Oxygen | an element, normally a gas, that makes up about one-fifth of the atmosphere of the Earth |
| Parenchyma | the functional part of the lung |
| Pharynx | throat |
| Pleura | the thin serous membrane that envelops each lung and folds back to make a lining for the chest cavity |
| Pneumocystis jiroveci | a fungus causing severe pneumonia |
| Rales | irregular crackling or bubbling sounds during inspiration |
| Rhonchi | humming, whistling, or snoring sounds during inspiration or expiration |
| Reye’s syndrome | vomiting, seizures, liver failure, sometimes fatal condition from the use of aspirin to treat the flu |
| Septum | lung membrane |
| Sputum | mucus production |
| Status asthmaticus | a prolonged, extremely severe, life-threatening asthma attack |
| Stridor | high-pitched, harsh, crowing sound due to edema or obstruction in the trachea or larynx |
| surfactant | a protein-fat compound that reduces surface tension and keeps the walls of the alveolus from collapsing with each exhalation. |
| Thorax | a bony cage that consists of the sternum, the ribs and spinal column |
| Trachea | windpipe |
| Wheezes | high-pitched whistling or squeaking sounds during inspiration or expiration |
Created by:
vikingmedterm
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