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U-1 Ch.1
Introduction to Geography.
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Kenya is in Eastern Africa, economy is | mostly all tea and coffee are planted. |
| Hunger is a major problem for who | entire world |
| One-sixth of the world’s population is | starving, with no food. |
| 1 billion of the poor’s are | women, and children, because they have little power, and money. |
| A major cause of starvation is | poverty, not having enough money to buy food, failure of food distribution systems, and cultural practices, which men have more power over women. |
| Poverty caused by | taxes, paying rent, buying a home, and taking care of children |
| 4% of Norway and 70% of Bangladesh has | arable land. |
| Norway is wealthy, and well fed, in which Bangladesh is | poor |
| The Norwegians can import food, but for the Bangladeshis, | two-thirds of their country is flooded because of the monsoon. |
| 8% of Kenya land is arable, but w. highlands are most productive agricultural in the world | Globalized economy, tiny farms |
| Those in the western highlands of Kenya own some sort of | coffee or tea corporations |
| Mostly Kenya women work in the fields, because | women’s cannot own fields |
| Kenya needed foreign income and takes part in | tourism, exporting tea, and coffee exporting |
| Kenya economy looks like this | Globalized economy, tiny farms |
| Kenya cannot solve poverty b/c | switching to cash crops destroys peoples’ economy |
| Vocab: Fieldwork | Observe what people are doing & Observe how their reactions vary across space |
| Human Geography | how people make places, organize space and society, and make sense of everyone in locality, region, and world |
| Brings traits together makes | diverse places |
| Effects of Globalization | Increases interactions, deepening relationships, and increases interdependence |
| Vocab: Globalization | Explains the local, regional, and the global-all affect each other without regard to country borders |
| All parts of world are affected by | globalization and human action |
| Geographic questions look to answer | Physical geography, Physical phenomena |
| Explain the “why of where” | why do things happen where they are, how does it influence other places |
| Spatial distribution | how things are laid out, organized, and arranged on the Earth, and how they appear on the landscape |
| Spatial Distribution | Also describes patterns and relationships of the distributions |
| Spread of Cholera | to China, Japan, E. Africa, and Europe in 1816, 1826-1837, and 1842-1862 |
| Dr. Snow specialized in | medical geography to define the cholera pandemic |
| Dr. Snow plots map of cholera victims and they congest around | Street pump |
| Dr. Snow gives order to remove... | handle from pump and cholera victims fall dramatically |
| Cholera still present... | in refugee camps of Africa and Asia, with outbreak in Europe in 1972, and epidemic Lima, Peru, in December 1990, that killed 10,000 |
| Spatial Perspective | Used to identify and classify change over time |
| 5 Themes made by | National Geographic Society in 1986 |
| FIVE THEMES | location, place,human environment, movement, region |
| location theory | logical attempt to explain the locational pattern of an economic activity and the manner in which its producing areas are interrelated |
| sense of place | state of mind derived from the infusion of a place with meaning and emotion by remembering important events |
| perception of places | belief or "understanding" about a place developed through books, movies, stories or pictures |
| spatial interaction | depends on the distances among places, the accessibility of places and the transportation and communication connectivity |
| landscape | refers to the materical character of a place, the complex nature features, human structures, and other tangible objects that give a place a particular form |
| cultural landscape | visible imprint of human activity on the landscape |
| sequent occupance | cultural succession and its lasting imprint |
| cartography | art and science of making maps |
| absolute location | longitude and latitude |
| relative location | a place in relation to other human and physical features |
| geocaching | a hunt for a cache whose coordinates are places on the Internet for other geocachers |
| mental maps | maps we carry in our minds |
| reference maps | show locations of places and geographic features |
| thematic maps | tell stories |
| All maps help to | simplify the world |
| Generalize | make broader and easier to understand. |
| Purpose of shading of maps | show how much or how little of some phenomena can be found on part of the Earth’s surface |
| Areas shaded in the most vibrant green are places that receive the most... | rain |
| The moistest areas other than South Asia and South East Asia are clustered against what shore? | Atlantic |
| Remote Sensing | A method of collecting data or information through the use of instruments that are physically distant from the area or object of study. |
| Remotely sensed data are collected by | satellites and aircraft and are almost instantaneously available. |
| Geographic Information Systems(GIS) | A collection of computer hardware and software that permits spatial data to be collected, recorded, retrieved, manipulated, analyzed, and displayed to the user. |
| Geographers use GIS for | applications in human and physical geographic research. |
| Data gathered by agencies can be integrated into a GIS and then analyzed | spatially. |
| GIS can be used for | intelligence, interpret data, and make recommendations on issues of homeland security defense |
| Geographic Information Science | Emerging research field concerned with studying the development and use of geospatial concepts and techniques to examine geographic patterns and processes. |
| Geographers study places and patterns with local, regional, national, and global... | scales |
| Scale | Distance on a map compared to distance on Earth |
| Context of maps looks different at different... | scales |
| Scale | The territorial extent of something |
| Jumping scales | used by Victoria Lawson to describe rescaling |
| Region | Constitutes an area that shares similar characteristics |
| Geographers use regions for | analytic purposes |
| Formal region | physical criteria and cultural traits |
| Functional region | spatial system, boundaries defined by the limits of that system |
| Ex of Functional region | Newspaper service |
| Perceptual region | based on impressions that we get from other cultures |
| Ex of Perceptual | regionIraq is portrayed to us as a war zone because of what we see in the media |
| Ex of Formal region | area in Europe where 90% of the people speak French |
| Relocation Diffusion | Involves the actual movement of individuals who have already adopted the idea or innovation, and who carry it to a new, perhaps distant, locale, where they proceed to disseminate it. (Occurs most frequently through migration) |
| Ex of Relocation Diffusion | Immigrants develop ethnic neighborhoods in their new country in order to maintain their culture |
| Geographic concept | Ways of seeing the world spatially that are used by geographers in answering research questions. (Relative location, Absolute location, mental maps, diffusion, sense of place, and cultural landscape) |
| Geographers use remote sensing, fieldwork, GIS, GPS, and qualitative/quantitative techniques to explore | linkages among people and places to explain differences across people, places, scales, and times |
| Environmental Determinism | The view that the natural environment has a controlling influence over various aspects of human life, including cultural development. (climate is critical factor in how humans behave) |
| Climate and the Energy of Nations(1974) | Written by Sidney Markham, thought that by tracing the migration of the center of power in the Mediterranean, he could detect the changing climates of that part of Europe |
| Isotherms | lines connecting points of equal temperature values |
| Possibilism | A viewpoint that holds that human decision making and technology, not the environment, is the crucial factor in cultural development. |
| Trend of Possibilism and Environmental Determinism in modern day geography | possibilism is being more widely accepted and environmental determinism is being discredited. |
| Cultural Ecology | An area of inquiry concerned with culture as a system of adaptation to environment |
| Political Ecology | An area of inquiry fundamentally concerned with the environmental consequences of dominant political-economic arrangements and understandings. |
| Cultural geography is a subset of human geography | looks at the ways culture is implicated in the full spectrum of topics addressed in human geography. |
Created by:
sserrano
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