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Ch 12 Vocab. Ap Geo.
Vocabulary for chapter 12 of The cultural landscape an intro. to human geography
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Basic industries | Industries that sell their products or services primarily to consumers outside the settlement |
| Business services | Services that primarily meet the needs of other businesses, including professional, financial, and transportation services |
| Central place | market center for the exchange of services by people attracted from the surrounding area |
| Central place theory | theory that explains the distribution of services based on the fact that settlements serve as centers of market areas for services |
| City-state | sovereign state comprising a city & its immediate hinterland |
| Clustered rural settlement | rural settlement in which the houses & farm building of each family are situated close to each other, with fields surrounding the settlement |
| Central place theory Part 2 | larger settlements are fewer and farther apart than smaller settlements and provide services for a larger number of people who are willing to travel farther |
| Consumer services | businesses that provide services primarily to individual consumers, including retail services & education, health, & leisure activities |
| Dispersed rural settlement | rural settlement pattern characterized by isolated farms rather than clustered villages |
| Economic base | community's collection of basic industries |
| Enclosure movement | process of consolidating small land-holdings into a smaller number of larger farms in England during the 18th century |
| Gravity model | model which holds that the potential use of a service at a particular location is directly related to the number of people in a location & inversely related to the distance people must travel to reach the service |
| Market are (hinterland) | area surrounding a central place from which people are attracted to use the place's goods & services |
| Nonbasic industries | area surrounding a central place from which people are attracted to use the place's goods & services |
| Primate city | largest settlement in a country, if it has more than twice as many people as the second-ranking settlement |
| Primate city rule | pattern of settlements in a country such that the largest settlement has more than twice as many people as the second-ranking settlement |
| Public services | services offered by the government to provide security and protection for citizens and business |
| Range (of a service) | maximum distance people are willing to travel to use a service |
| Rank-size rule | pattern of settlements in a country such that the Nth largest settlement is 1/N the population of the largest settlement |
| Service | any activity that fulfills a human want or need and returns money to those who provide it |
| Settlement | permanent collection of buildings and inhabitants |
| Threshold | minimum number of people needed to support a service |
| Urbanization | increase in the percentage of the number of people living in urban settlements |
Created by:
ivanderzon17
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