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A & P
Chpt 6 Skeletal System
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| skeletal system | consists of bones, cartilage, ligaments & tendons associated w/bones |
| skeletal system | makes up 20% of body weight |
| bone | is hard & strong, has rich blood supply |
| ligaments | have no blood supply, fed by diffusion |
| femur | longest & strongest bone of the body |
| functions of the skeletal system | support, protection, movement, storage & blood cell formation |
| hematopoiesis | blood cell formation, takes place mostly in red marrow of bones |
| how tissue of bone structure differs | differs in density or how tightly tissue is packed together |
| compact bone | shaft of the bone, basic functional/microscopical unit is osteon |
| osteon | AKA haversion system |
| spongy bone | head of bone, softer, less dense than compact bone, where cells are made |
| types of bones | long, short, flat & irregular |
| long bones | femur, humerus |
| short bones | cube shaped, in wrist & ankle/foot |
| irregular bones | vertebrae |
| how many long bones in body | 12 |
| diaphysis | shaft of long bone |
| medullary cavity | hollow space in bone |
| epiphysis | at the head & end of bone |
| articular cartilage | end of epiphysis where it meets another bone; hyaline cartilage |
| epiphyseal plate | between epiphysis & diaphysis where bones grow in length |
| epiphyseal line | when growth ceases it replaces the plate |
| periosteum | outer surface of long bones; fibrous connective tissue |
| endosteum | thinner connective tissue membrane; lines surface of medullary cavity |
| osteogenesis/ossification | to make bone or bone formation |
| osteblasts | makes new bone tissue |
| osteocytes | mature bone cells; store calcium & phosphorous in cytoplasm |
| osteoclast | removes old bone tissue, breaks down & reabsorbs |
| intramembranous ossification | flat bones produced, bone formation where bone is formed directly in a membrane |
| endochondral ossification | all other bones produced; bone formation where cartilage is replaced by bone |
| appositional growth | increase in diameter of bone |
| axial skeleton | 80 bones |
| axial skeleton | vertical axis of the body (center) |
| axial skeleton | contains skull, rib cage, spinal column, sternum |
| appendicular skeleton | 126 bones |
| appendicular skeleton | free appendages & their attachments, upper & lower extremities |
| bones in the skull | 28 bones |
| bones in the face | 14 bones |
| bones in the body | 206 |
| foramina | openings in the bones of the skull to allow passage of blood vessels & nerves |
| articulations | AKA a joint |
| articulations | where 2 bones come together |
| 3 types of joints | immovable, slightly movable, freely movable |
| immovable joints | sutures in skull & skull bones |
| slightly movable joints | ribs, symphysis pubis |
| freely movable joints | knee & elbow |
Created by:
carriejean11
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