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Ch11&12 Study Guide

Ch.11&12 Learning Guide

TermDefinition
maquiladora to receive payment for grinding and processing corn
cottage industry home-based manufacturing
coke high-quality iron smelted with purified carbon made from coal
Industrial Revolution a series of improvements in industrial technology that transformed the process of manufacturing goods
situation factor involve transporting materials to a factory
bulk-reducing industry an industry in which the input weighs more than the final product
site factor unique characteristics of a location
right-to-work laws requires a factory to maintain a so called "open-shop"
Fordist or mass production
Post-Fordist used to describe lean production
canals and railroads two forms of transportation that grew rapidly
labor intensive industry one in which wages and other compensation paid to employees constitute a high percentage of expenses
less-skilled and low-cost workers workers that work in the textile industry
break-of-bulk point location where transfer among transportion modes is possible
outsourcing a decision by a corporation to turn over much of the responsibility for production to independent suppliers
textile a fabric made by weaving, used in making clothing
basic industries industries that sell their products or services primarily to consumers outside the settlement
business services services that primarily meet the needs of other businesses, including professional, financial, and transportation services
central place a market center for the exchange of services by people attracted from surrounding area
central place theory A theory that explains the distribution of services based on the fact that settlements serve as centers of market areas for services
city-state a sovereign state comprising a city and its immediate hinterland
clustered rural settlement a rural settlement in which the houses and farm buildings of each family e situated close to eachother and fields surround the settlement
consumer services businesses that provide services primarily to individual consumers, including retail services and education, health, and leisure services
dispersed rural settlement a rural settlement pattern characterized by isolated farms rather than clustered villages
economic base A community's collection of basic industries
enclosure movement the process of consolidating small landholdings into a smaller # of large farms in England during the 18th century
gravity model a model that holds that the potential use of a service at a particular location is directly related to the # of people in a location
hinterland or market area
market area the area surrounding a central place from which people are attracted to use the place's goods and services
nonbasic industries industries that sell their products primarily to consumers in the community
primate city the largest settlement in a country, if it ha more than twice as any people as the second-ranking settlement
primate city rule a pattern of settlements in a country such that the largest settlement has more than twice as many people as the second-ranking settlement
public services services offered by the government to provide security and protection for citizens and businesses
range the maximum distance people are willing to travel to use services
rank-size rule a pattern of settlements in a country such that the nth largest settlement is 1/n the population of the largest settlement
service any activity that fulfills a human want or need and returns money to those who provide that
settlement a permanent collection of buildings and inhabitants
threshold the minimum number of people needed to support the service
urbanization an increase in the percentage of the number of people living in urban settlements
coal the source of energyto operate ovensand the steam engines
chemicals an indusrty created to bleach and dye cloth
food processing essential to feed the factory workers no longer living in farms
perishable products food such as bread or milk
ships attractive for very long distances because the cost per kilometer is very low
trains used to ship to destinations that take longer than one day to reach
convergence regions primarily Eastern and Southern Europe, where incomes lag behind Europe's average
competitive and employment regions primarily Western Europe's traditional core industrial areas, which have experienced substancial manufacturing job losses in recent years
boundary invisible line that marks the extent of a state's territory
city-state a sovereign state comprimisinga city and its immediate hinterland
density the frequency with which something exists within a given unit of area
Created by: Jvaree
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