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History 6
Chapter 16-18
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| silt | small particles of rich soil |
| alluvial plain | an area of fertile soil left by river floods |
| sedimentary rock | rock created when layers of material are hardened by the weight of more material piled above |
| phosphate | mineral salts used to make fertilizer |
| poaching | illegal fishing or huntint |
| refinery | place that turns petroleum into gasoline and other products |
| wadi | dry riverbed that fills with water when rare rains fall in a desert |
| erg | large areas of soft sand and dunes in the Sahara |
| oasis | fertile area that arises in a desert wherever water is regularly available |
| steppe | partly dry grassland often found on the edges of a desert |
| nomad | a person who lives by moving from place to place to follow herds of migrating animals that they hunt or lead herds of grazing animals to fresh pasture and water |
| dry farming | agriculture that conserves water and uses crops and growing methods best suited to semi-arid environments |
| aquifer | underground layer of rock through which water flows |
| rationing | making resources available in limited amounts |
| desalinization | process of treating seawater to remove salts and minerals and make it drinkable |
| irrigation | process of collecting water and distributing it to crops |
| city-state | independent political unit that include a city and the surrounding area |
| polytheism | belief in more than one god |
| theocracy | a form of government in which the leader claims to rule on behalf of a god |
| cuneiform | form of writing from ancient Mesopotamia that consisted of wedge shaped markings pressed into clay tablets |
| pharoah | name for a powerful ruler in ancient egypt |
| hieroglyphics | system of writing that uses small pictures to represent sounds or words |
| monotheism | belief in one god |
| covenant | an agreement (ex. Moses and God; Abraham and God) |
| prophet | a messenger of God |
| caliph | successor to Mohammad |
| terrorism | violence used against the people or government in hopes of winning political goals |
| hajj | pilgrimages to the Muslim holy city of Makkah, the completion of which is one of the pillars of Islam, to be done at least once in a lifetime |
| saint | Christian holy person |
| dietary law | rules in certain religions that detail which foods people can and cannot eat and how food should be prepared and handled |
| epic | tales or poems about heroes or heroines |
| mosque | Islamic house of worship |
| calligraphy | art of beautiful writing |
| bazaar | local marketplace in North Africa and Southwest Asia |
| fellahin | peasant farmers of Egypt who rent small plots of land |
| dictatorship | form of government in which a leader rules by force and typically limits the freedom of its citizens |
| trade sanction | step taken to cutoff trade with a country to show opposition to its governments actions |
| casbah | older section of Algerian cities |
| civil war | fight between opposing groups for control of a country's government |
| constitutional monarchy | form of government in which a monarch is the head of the state but where elected officials run the government |
| secular | nonreligious |
| Bedouin | nomadic desert people in Southwest Asia who follow a traditional way of life |
| kibbutz | settlement in Israel where settlers share all of their property and make goods as well as carry out farming |
| moshav | settlement in Israel in which people share in farming, production and settling, but each person is allowed to own some private property as well |
| clan | large group of people who have a common ancestor in the far past |
| embargo | a partial or complete prohibition of trade with a particular country |
| cash crop | a crop that is grown in order to be sold instead of used by the farmer |
| fault | a crack in the earth's crust where two tectonic plates meet that is prone to earthquakes |
| genocide | the deliberate and systematic destruction of a racial, political or social group |
| enclave | an enclosed area of land within a country where the people are different in some way from the rest of the country (like Palestine) |
Created by:
LouCat
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