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Cold War Vocab.
164 words. Largest Study Stack?
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| 1. Servicemen's Readjustment Act (GI Bill) 1944 | Provided education and unemployment compensation for the veterans of WWII. |
| 2. Baby Boom | The term used to express the mass number of babies born during the period after WWII by returning veterans and mass elation because of the war ending. |
| 3. Suburban Growth | The result of the baby boom and the urge to raise your children away from pollution in a quiet, inviting neighborhood. |
| 4. Sunbelt | The southern area of the United States that grew as a result of retiring baby boomers. |
| 5. 22nd Amendment | The Amendment that set the presidential term limit to two. |
| 6. Taft | Hartley Act (1947) |
| 7. Progressive Party | The party that ran Henry Wallace for President in 1948, advocating an end to segregation, universal government health insurance, and full black voting rights. |
| 8. State Rights Party (Dixiecrats) | The socially conservative party that ran Strom Thurmond for President in 1948 and won 4 states. |
| 9. Fair Deal | A term used by Truman to signify the importance of universal health care. |
| 10. Cold War | The conflict between the USSR and the USA that consisted of no physical conflicts, but threats, blockades, and espionage. |
| 11. United Nations | A federation of over 100 countries that oversees international regulations and conflicts. |
| 12. World Bank | An internationally supported and maintained bank that provides assistance to developing countries. |
| 13. Iron Curtain | The boundary between eastern and western Europe that lasted from the end of WWII until the end of the Cold War. |
| 14. Winston Churchill | The decorated British Prime Minister from 1940 |
| 15. George Kennan | An American advisor that played an important role in the negotiations of the Cold War. He is notable for “The Long Telegram” and The Marshall Plan. |
| 16. Dean Acheson | The U.S. Secretary of State that helped outline the United States of America’s foreign policy during the Cold War. |
| 17. Containment Policy | A policy that was used in hopes of stopping the collapse of nations to communism. |
| 18. Truman Doctrine | The policy to aid Turkey and Greece from falling to Soviet Communism. |
| 19. Marshall Plan | A plan defining how the USA would help rebuild Europe. This plan was mostly the work of Kennan and Clayton. |
| 20. Berlin Airlift | The plan to airlift supplies to the nearly blockaded Berlin. |
| 21. NATO | A pact between many countries in the North Atlantic that declared mutual defense if one of its members was attacked by an external force. |
| 22. National Security Act (1947) | An action that reorganized US troops, the foreign policy, and Intelligence Community. |
| 23. The Arms Race | During the Cold War, the Arms Race was about developing mass amounts of powerful nuclear weapons. |
| 24. Douglas MacArthur | An American General that protected Hirohito and the imperial family after WWII. |
| 25. Chiang Kai | shek |
| 26. Mao Zedong | The chairman of the Communist Party of China that ruled from ‘45 |
| 27. People’s Republic of China | The single |
| 28. Korean War | A conflict between North and South Korea during 1950 |
| 29. 38th Parallel | The boundary between warring Northern and Southern Korea. |
| 30. Dennis et al. v. United States | A case involving the Communist Party in the US regarding the extensiveness of the First Amendment. |
| 31. McCarran Internal Security Act (1950) | The Act that resulted in the forced registration of Communist parties within the US. |
| 32. House Un | American Activities Committee |
| 33. Alger Hiss | U.S. Official that was accused of being a Soviet Spy in 1948. |
| 34. Whittaker Chambers | A communist, Soviet spy that testified against Alger Hiss. |
| 35. Rosenberg Case | A couple found guilty of providing Atomic Bomb related documents to the Soviets. |
| 36. Joseph McCarthy | A U.S. Senator and intense anti |
| 37. Dwight Eisenhower | The 34th President of the United States and the first Supreme Commander of NATO. |
| 38. Modern Republicanism | The idea of a government system with a focus on liberty, rule of law, popular sovereignty and the civic virtue practiced by citizens. |
| 39. Interstate Highway Act | A bill passed by Eisenhower that created the modern interstate highway system over a twenty year time span. |
| 40. John Foster Dulles | The Secretary of State from 1953 |
| 41. Third World | The name given to countries that are developing out of an unstable government, low economy, and ancient technological era. |
| 42. Geneva Conference | A meeting between sixty |
| 43. Ho Chi Minh | The Prime Minister and President of North Vietnam that led them throughout the war against South Vietnam. |
| 44. Vietnam | An Asian country that was the site of a major conflict between communists and anti |
| 45. Domino Theory | The theory that communist countries would cause neighboring nations to fall to communism until the world was communist. |
| 46. Eisenhower Doctrine | A policy that required Congress to give its power to declare war to the President and provided aid to anti |
| 47. OPEC | A group of twelve countries that helps stabilize international oil prices. |
| 48. Open | Skies Crisis |
| 49. Nikita Khrushchev | The post |
| 50. Sputnik | The world’s first artificial satellite put into orbit by the Soviet Union. |
| 51. NASA | The United States’ association in charge of space associated projects. |
| 52. U | 2 Incident |
| 53. Fidel Castro | The rising Cuban dictator that received arms from Russia. |
| 54. Military | Industrial Complex |
| 55. Jackie Robinson | A phenomenal African |
| 56. NAACP | An organization that fights for civil freedoms for the black population. |
| 57. Desegregation | The movement of whites and blacks into the same school buildings and facilities to help stop racism. |
| 58. Brown v. Topeka Board of Education | A controversial case in the 1950’s that outlawed racial segregation of public facilities. |
| 59. Earl Warren The Justice during Brown v. Topeka Board of Education. | (blank) |
| 60. Civil Rights Acts of 1957 and 1960 | Two suffrage laws that declared it illegal to deny a US citizen the right to vote. |
| 61. Civil Rights Commission | The commission given the job of investigating civil rights issues across the US. |
| 62. SCLC | A civil rights organization headed by MLK Jr. wanting desegregation. |
| 63. Sit | in Movement |
| 64. SNCC | A student organized group that arranged sit |
| 65. David Riesman, The Lonely Crowd | A sociological book from 1950 that encourages how humans socialize with one another with “inner |
| 66. John Kenneth Galbraith, The Affluent Society | A post |
| 67. Beatniks | A stereotypical cartoon that provided media satire in the 1950s. |
| 68. John F. Kennedy | The USA’s 35th President that worked on overthrowing the Cuban regime until his assassination in 1963. |
| 69. New Frontier | JFK’s program to provide international aid, national defense, and to boost the economy and space program. |
| 70. Peace Corps | A volunteer organization that provides help to countries in need and promote a better understanding of Americans in the countries they serve. |
| 71. Bay of Pigs | An unsuccessful attempt by the USA to overthrow Cuba’s government. |
| 72. Cuban Missile Crisis (1962) | The political turmoil caused by the spontaneous decision of the USSR to supply Cuba with medium |
| 73. Flexible Response | A plan that called for mutual deterrence at strategic, tactical, and conventional levels proposed by John F. Kennedy. |
| 74. Warren Commission | The group assigned the job of investigating the sudden assassination of President John F. Kennedy. |
| 75. Lyndon Johnson | The President that gained office after the JFK assassination and continued assisting the fight for civil rights for African |
| 76. Great Society | A series of programs focusing on the elimination of poverty and racial injustice. |
| 77. War of Poverty | The program during the 1950s to provide federal funds to the poverty |
| 78. Michael Harrington, The Other America | A book that provides an in |
| 79. Medicare, Medicaid | The US health program that provides health insurance to citizens who are 65 and over or meet other special criteria. |
| 80. Ralph Nader, Unsafe at Any Speed | A book from 1965 that explained how car manufacturers were reluctant to provide safety features in their cars. It helped start the movement to add safety belts, airbags, and more. |
| 81. Rachel Carson, Silent Spring | Published in 1962, this book is known for sparking the environmental movement. |
| 82. Civil Rights Act of 1964 | The bill that legally ended racial segregation in schools, public places, and the workplace. |
| 83. 24th Amendment | The 1964 Amendment that made it illegal to deny voting rights to people that can’t pay the poll tax. |
| 84. Voting Rights Act of 1965 | Outlawed the discriminatory voting practices being used against African |
| 85. James Meredith | A civil rights movement figure that became the first black student at the University of Mississippi. |
| 86. Black Muslims | A discriminated against group of blacks that were forced to abandon their religion until the civil rights movement. |
| 87. Malcolm X | A civil rights activist that, unlike MLK Jr., advocated some violence to get the liberties that they deserved. |
| 88. CORE | The “Congress of Racial Equality” was a civil rights organization headed by Roy Innis. |
| 89. Stokely Carmichael | A civil rights activist that was the first president of SNCC. |
| 90. Black Panthers | A Marxist political party that promoted Black Power and self |
| 91. Watts Riots | A serious race riot in LA that killed 34 and injured 1032 people. |
| 92. Kerner Commission | A small group ordered to investigate the causes of the 1967 riots. |
| 93. Gideon v. Wainwright | A famous case that resulted in the ruling that state courts need to provide attorneys for those that can’t afford them. |
| 94. Escobedo v. Illinois | The US court case ruling that criminal suspects have a right to an attorney during police interrogations. |
| 95. Miranda v. Arizona | One of the most famous Supreme Court cases that involved the ruling that convicted felons must be given their “Miranda Rights” before prosecution. |
| 96. Baker v. Carr | A Supreme Court ruling that the Judicial Branch may intervene in and decide apportionment cases. |
| 97. Yates v. U.S. | A free speech case defining the difference having a idea to do something and encouraging people to do something. |
| 98. Engel v. Vitale | Another ruling that public schools can’t have a school prayer. |
| 99. New Left | The movement to lose focus on “Union Activism” and adopt the newer form of “Social Activism.” |
| 100. Counterculture | A youth movement that is the opposite of what is currently mainstream. Some examples are Beatniks, Hippies, and Punks. |
| 101. Sexual Revolution | A cultural movement that advocated “Free Love” and abortions. |
| 102. Betty Friedan, The Feminine Mystique | A popular feminist book that was outraged at the idea that women were meant to be mothers and housekeepers. |
| 103. National Organization for Women | The largest American feminist organization with over half a million members and chapters in all 50 states. |
| 104. Vietnam War | A war based on political differences between South and North Vietnam. The jungle warfare caused many veterans to relive the conditions unexpectedly. |
| 105. Tonkin Gulf Resolution | It allowed the President Johnson to send troops to South Vietnam without a declaration of war by Congress. |
| 106. Tet Offensive | A military attack by the Vietcong (North Vietnamese forces) against military and civilian command and control centers in an attempt to win the war instantly. |
| 107. Hawks and Doves | A Hawk is somebody that is pro |
| 108. Eugene McCarthy | The U.S. Senator known chiefly for his advocacy against the Vietnam War. He is also known for running for President five times. |
| 109. Robert Kennedy | One of JFK’s younger brothers, this US Senator was assassinated after winning the democratic primaries over McCarthy. |
| 110. George Wallace | A US Senator that is known for his idiocy in advocating segregation in public and schools. He ran for President four times and never won. |
| 111. Henry Kissinger | The Secretary of State from 1973 to 1977 that focused on the US’s foreign policy during the Vietnam War. |
| 112. Vietnamization | The process of gradually building up South Vietnam’s armed forces and equipping them with more modern weapons in the hope that they can defend themselves from North Vietnam. |
| 113. Nixon Doctrine | The doctrine that states that the US expects its allies to defend themselves before they ask for assistance. |
| 114. Kent State | An Ohio university where Ohio National Guardsmen firing on rioting students, killing 4 and wounding 9. |
| 115. My Lai | The group of 347 South Vietnamese citizens, most women and children, murdered by American forces. |
| 116. Pentagon Papers | A 14,000 page top |
| 117. Paris Peace Accords (1973) | A document signed by South and North Vietnam, the USA, and the PRG that established a resolution to the conflicts in Vietnam. |
| 118. Détente | A French term meaning “a relaxing or easing” that was used in politics during the 1970s involving the Vietnam and Cold Wars. |
| 119. SALT | Two rounds of negotiations between the US and the USSR regarding armament control. |
| 120. New Federalism | A term that refers to the transfer of US Federal powers to the states. |
| 121. Stagflation | An economic situation in which inflation and economic stagnation occur simultaneously. |
| 122. Warren Burger | The Supreme Justice that led the courts in United States v. Nixon. |
| 123. Watergate | A presidential scandal in which President Richard Nixon was caught hiring men to infiltrate and wiretap without public knowledge. |
| 124. United States v. Nixon | The court case that resulted in the first presidential resignation involving Nixon’s attempts to wiretap Democratic party members. |
| 125. War Powers Act (1973) | A bill that declared that the President can only send armed forces out with Congress approval. |
| 126. Middle East War (1973) | A conflict between Egypt, Syria, Iraq, and Israel that caused a Nuclear Alert. |
| 127. Camp David Accords (1978) | A set of agreements from a meeting at Camp David leading to the Israel |
| 128. Iran Hostage Crisis | A group of 52 US diplomats that were held hostage by a group of 300 |
| 129. Cultural Pluralism | A term when small cultural groups keep their culture despite a large mainstream influence. |
| 130. Immigration Reform and Control Act (1986) | This bill decreed that it was illegal to hire/recruit illegal immigrants. |
| 131. César Chávez | A prominent civil rights activist that helped found the UFW. |
| 132. American Indian Movement | An Indian activist organization that ran protests advocating the protection of Indigenous American culture. |
| 133. Indian Self | Determination Act of 1975 |
| 134. Nuclear Accidents: Three Mile Island and Chernobyl | Three Mile Island was the site of a nuclear plant meltdown that, though it killed no one, resulted in significant environmental damage. Chernobyl was the site of a steam explosion that released more fallout than there had been by the bombings of Hiroshima |
| 135. Clear Air Act of 1970 | A US bill that forces the EPA to enforce regulations to protect the public from airborne contaminants. |
| 136. Environmental Protection Agency | A federal agency in the United States that regulates public safety regarding the air, water, and land. |
| 137. Clean Water Act (1972) | A US bill that created goals to eliminates large releases of toxic substances into the water. |
| 138. Conservatism | A collection of causes that include family values, the right to life, and the right to bear arms. Ronald Reagan is the usual figure for American conservatism. |
| 139. Religious Fundamentalists | A term that refers to the total commitment to religious authority. |
| 140. PACS | A political action committee is a private group that tries to help or hurt govt. officials or legislation. |
| 141. Moral Majority | A Christian political organization that advocated Christian |
| 142. Roe v. Wade | A US Supreme Court case that outlawed laws preventing abortion. |
| 143. “Reverse Discrimination” | The act of favoring a historically discriminated against group over a group that didn’t receive such discrimination. |
| 144. Regents of University of California v. Bakke | A US Supreme Court decision that quota systems in college admissions were unconstitutional. |
| 145. Supply | Side Economics |
| 146. Reaganomics | A plan to reduce government spending, reduce tax rates, reduce govt. regulation of the economy, and to control the money supply. |
| 147. Sandra Day O’Connor | The first women to serve on the Supreme Court. She was appointed by Ronald Reagan and served for 25 years. |
| 148. Jesse Jackson; Rainbow Coalition | The US senator that founded the organization that pursued social justice, civil rights, and political activism. |
| 149. Nicaragua: Sandinistas | A socialist political party that ruled Nicaragua from 1979 to 1990. |
| 150. Iran | contra Affair |
| 151. PLO | The Palestine Liberation Organization that was created to overthrow the State of Israel violently. |
| 152. Mikhail Gorbachev | The President of the Soviet Union that helped bring the Cold War to a overdue close. |
| 153. Glasnost, Perestroika | Programs in the USSR to fight corruption and the abuse of privilege by political classes. |
| 154. Tiananmen Square | The site of a massacre of protesters that wanted democracy. There were a staggering estimated 6000 civilian casualties. |
| 155. Soviet Union Breakup | Led by Gorbachev, the communist country withdrew its troops and tore down the Berlin Wall. |
| 156. Boris Yeltsin | The first president of Russia that served from 1996 |
| 157. Panama Invasion | The successful 1989 invasion that deposed the Panamanian dictator. Administered by President George H. W. Bush. |
| 158. Persian Gulf War | The battle between Iraq and the UN, headed by the US and the UK during 1990 |
| 159. Saddam Hussein | The dictator of Iraq, he is believed to have trained terrorists and secretly own Weapons of Mass Destruction. |
| 160. Americans with Disabilities Act (1990) | A new civil rights law that prohibits discrimination based on disability. |
| 161. 27th Amendment | Pay increases to members of Congress may only start after a new term has started. |
| 162. North American Free Trade Agreement (1993) | Initiated the trilateral trade bloc between the US, Mexico, and Canada. It is the largest trade bloc in the world. |
| 163. “Ethnic Cleansing” | A term referring to the expulsion or murdering of an ethnic minority by an ethnic majority. |
| 164. Nuclear Proliferation | A term used to describe the international spread of countries with or in the process of obtaining nuclear weapons. |
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