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Ch. 4 - bvick.wh
The Ancient Greeks
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Peninsula | body of land with water on three sides |
Colony | settlement in a new territory that keeps close ties with its homeland |
polis | the early Greek city |
Agora | in early Greek city states an open area that served as both a market and a meeting place |
Tyrant | person who takes power by force and rules with total authority |
Oligarchy | government in which a small group of people holds power |
Democracy | government in which all citizens share in running the government |
Helot | person who was conquered and enslaved by the ancient Spartans |
Satrapies | the 20 states into which Darius divided the Persian Empire |
Satrap | official who ruled a state in the Persian Empire under Darius |
Zoroastrianism | Persian monotheistic religion |
direct democracy | system of government in which people gather at mass meetings to decide on government matters |
Representative democracy | system government in which citizens choose a smaller group to make laws and governmental decisions on their behalf |
Philosopher | thinker who seeks wisdom and ponders questions about life |
Pericles | great statesman of Athens after the Persian War |
Aspasia | famous female teacher in Athens |
Cyrus the Great | united the Persians |
Darius | reorganized the Persian government into 20 satraps |
Xerxes | son of Darius who wanted revenge |
Themistocles | Athenian general who came up with the plan to fight the Persians |
Solon | reformed the government and cancelled the debts of slaves and farmers |
Peisistratus | tyrant seized power by the support of the poor landless farmers |
Cleisthenes | created a council of 500 citizens to help the assembly carry out daily business |
Crete | island southwest of the Greek mainland |
Peloponnesus | peninsula in Greece |