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HIST 2322 FINAL
07/30/08 - SAC
| Answer | Question |
|---|---|
| Prohibited the import of Cotton cloth (ENGLAND) | British Calico Acts 1701/1702 |
| flying shuttle inventor | KAY, John |
| spinning jenny inventor. Produced more yarn. | HARGREAVES, John |
| piston to turn rotary wheel...led to invention of STEAM ENGINE | WATT, James |
| Rocket. 1st Steam Engine | STEPHANSON, George |
| Market for capitolism | SMITH, Adam |
| Overpopulation: 1794-95 | MALTHUS, Thomas |
| Improves iron . Coke (cheap coal) burns away impurities, makes iron production cheaper. | Puddling |
| 1800: 90%, 1860: 50% | U.S. Agriculture Trend: 1800-60 |
| 1800: 24m, 1900:145m | N/S America Population Trend: 1800-1900 |
| Rockefeller - Oil, Carnegie - Steel (Bessemer Process: Gospel of Wealth), Morgan - Banking/R.R. | 19th c. Monopolies |
| MITSUI, MITSUBISHI, SUMITOMO...don't compete. Cooperate. | Japanese ZAIBATSU trusts |
| BELL- 1st marketable telephone. WRIGHT brothers - NOT the first to fly. FORD: Assembly line | American Inventions |
| department stores, domestics. | Women's roles |
| GERMAN med care and unemployment benefits in the 1880s. | VAN BISMARCK |
| craftsmen guilds/unions protestig technologial advancements/poor contitions | Luddite Protests |
| CAN/ARG/URU/S. AFR/AUS/NZEA | 50% Primary, 50% Industrialized goods |
| Socialism. Marx: Capitolism splits ppl into capitolists/prolitariat." ENGELS: believed private property should be abolished. | Marx/Engels |
| Surfs hindered econ. 1861: Abolished surfdom. BUT 15,000 slave revolts still/year. Disasterous Agriculture | Alexander II |
| TIMBER, RAW MATERIALS. 1/2 world's OIL russian | Russian Exports |
| Cotton gin = $$$, RE-invigorated slavery. 1m-6m: 60 yrs. | WHITLEY |
| $15-16m. Doubles U.S. size. | Louisiana Purchase |
| U.S. has RIGHTS to N. America | 1840s - Manifest Destiny |
| U.S. Pays $15m= TX/CA/NM | Guadelupe Hidalgo Treaty |
| A house divided against itself can't stand. | Lincoln (quote) |
| BEGAN process --> Defeat slavery | Emancipation Proclomation |
| post civil war --> 1876. | Reconstruction |
| Extermination justified by religion | Indians and Puritans |
| Indian's last gasp. "Ghost dance" to make whites dissapear. Army slaughters Indians b/c won't stop dancing. | Wounded Knee |
| "TO engulph America. All Japanese migrations halted. 1882 Restricions immigrants | Yellow Peril |
| CANADA. Granted to England curtosey 7 yrs. war. Repells U.S. invasions | "New France." |
| Gives CANADA sense of UNITY against outside threats. | War of 1812 |
| 1st Prime Minister independant Canada | MCDONALD |
| 1) Attracts migrants 2) protective tariffs 3) National transportation sys. | Canadian National Policy |
| Matis rebel against CANADA. (Riel) | NW Rebellion 1885 |
| Led Matis revolt against CANADA. | RIEL |
| "Machiavilli of the Pompus." ARGENTENIA dictator. Attracted Eutopean immigrants, esp. GOLANDRIAS (Italians). | ROSAS |
| Italians | galondrias |
| MEXICO dicatator. Constantly in/out of power 1829-55. Ruled 10-11 times. | SANTA ANA |
| "To be Born A Man." ~Smart woman can't vote, but a dumb man can? | ZIDMIO (Bolivia) |
| MEXICO dictator | DIAZ |
| EGYPTIAN ruler. Overthrew Ottomans. Made Egypt autonomous. | MOHAMMAD ALI |
| Only thing stopping RUSSIAN expansion Ottoman land. | Crimean War |
| Forced Ottomans to grant extra TERRITORIALITY W. Europe (Rights to murder Turks w/o trial) | Capitulation Laws |
| Reforms army by killing Christian Jannisaries (cripples nation) | Muhmad II |
| Influenced by FRENCH legal systems. “Turkey should become like Europe.” | Tanzimat Reforms |
| Killed/banished TANZIMAT reforms. Autocrat ruler. Continues using Tanzimat principals. 1909: Disposed of by young Turks | Hamid II |
| Emancipation of serfs. BUT does little to Agriculture | Key to Russian Social Reforms |
| JAPANESE sneak attack sinks RUSSIAN Pacific fleet | Port Arthur 1904 |
| JAPANESE sink RUSSIAN Baltic fleet. Russians slaughtered over territorial rights. | Manchuria |
| Terrible. Left workers prone to Revolutionary Propoganda | St. Petersburg/Moscow working conditions |
| U.S.A. | Model for Japanese EDU/ECON |
| Burns stock of TEA…Instigates ENGLISH war with CHINA over Tea/Opium trade . | Lin Xi Shau |
| Ends OPIUM war w/ENG,CHINA. Territoriality: $5. | Treaty of Nanning 1842 |
| CHINA believes leap to modern world can be accomplished by adopting Western tech Chinese tradition | Self-Strengthening Mvmt. |
| Sole goal: To gain and hold political power. Last 50 yrs. Of Dynasty. | Ci Xi |
| Began 100 DAYS reform. | Kang Yu Wei |
| FAILED Anti-foreign rebellion. $$$ indemnity | Boxer Rebellion |
| (blank) | |
| Forces Japan to open to foreign trade. “Black Ships.” ~ Impressed by steam warships. Embraced U.S. ECO/EDU; GERMAN Armies, BRITISH navies. | PERRY |
| 50m | # European overseas migrants |
| Controlled Europe. Richest 5% controlled 40% wealth. | Aristocrats |
| Read Latin, Greek. Women: practical/domestic | Pillars of Western education |
| Late 1800s, EUROPE/AMERICA | Inventors of LEISURE |
| Late 1800s | Open/Secret Alliances formed |
| “Survival of the Fittest.” Applied to humans, translated to Racism. | SPENCER |
| Germans = only Pure Race | CHAMBERLAIN |
| Europeans = intelligent and morally superior to others. | DE GAUBINEAU |
| EUROS laid ground rules for African colonies | Berlin Conference |
| BURMA, SINGAPORE, MALAYSIA, MALACCA | British Colonies: SE ASIA |
| VIETNAM (1859), CAMBODIA (1867), LAOS (1893) | French INDO-CHINA |
| NEW ZEALAND. Put Maori under British control. | Waitang Treaty |
| Settlement for British convicts | New South Wales |
| JAPANESE war…for control: KOREA | Sino Tsaino |
| SUDAN. Gen. Gordan killed. ENG claims Sudan from Egypt. (also desired by FRA) | Battle of Ondurman |
| Explorer/missionary. Traveled C/S Africa | LIVINGSTONE |
| TANZANIA. GERMANY brutally slaughters 75,000 Africans | Maji Maji Rebellion |
| Whites 1st, Zulus 2nd | S. Africa: Order of Settlement |
| RUSSIA Pushed into ASIA, alarming ENG | The Great Gain |
| ENG allows wealthy Indians to elect representatives to local legislative councils | 1909 Indian Elections |
| Nationalist CHINA 1920s. Under Gen. Matsui, JAPAN slaughters 100,000, rapes thousands more. Worst atrocity of the war. | |
| “Authorizes” Nanjing massacre | |
| Only BRITS left to fight GER | |
| GER invades RUS. Fails due to timing. | |
| Set up as bait by Roosevelt, to anger Americans into entrance: WWII | |
| 1)Weaken U.S. 2)Est. Jap. Perimiter | |
| Initially Japan successful. Est. Great E. Asian co-prosperity sphere | |
| CHINA’s policy. STILLWELL: (on DID) meant running until JAPAN…_________ | |
| Authored “Final SOLUTION.” Assasinated by BRITS in 1943. | |
| Himmler/Heydrich agreed to FINAL SOLUTION: Holocaust | |
| City Pop. Exterminated by GERMANS in retaliation for HEYDRICH’S assassination | |
| U.S. crushes GER/EUR ~ Churchill asked Roosevelt to stall invasion; Let RUS/GER bleed themselves to death | |
| JAPAN introduces KAMAKAZE piolets | |
| Atomic bombs induce Japanese surrender. 1) 1m expected to die if mainland invasion required. 2)”Show” those Russians. 3) Racist. Yellow vs. white | |
| Uncompensated until 90s. | |
| KOREAN/CHINESE/others forced into prostitution for JAPANESE army. | |
| Rebuild EUROPE/halt COMMUNISM | |
| Soviet alternative to Marshall plan (focus: E. Europe) | |
| Buffer created by Soviets fearing German invasion. Sparks COLD WAR b/c Russians appear to seek global conquest. | |
| 1950, never ended. S. Korea overlooked; attacked by N. Korea/Soviets. | |
| U.S. gives list of “untouchable” countries to Soviets. S. Korea OVERSIGHT. | |
| Result of Koran War. “containing communists.” | |
| Eisenhower: If we let one country go communist, others will follow | |
| Wins RUSSIA after Stalin’s death. ‘56: Condems communism, begins de-Stalin-ization policy | |
| Created by Russia | |
| Expelled from Soviet Block. TITO. Independent of RUSSIA. | |
| Allows E. Europe limited sovereignty | |
| FRANCE president. Made FRA independent. Est. European community to help Europe become free of US/RUS (roots: E.U.) | |
| Topeka, KS. Supreme court declares segregation illegal. | |
| Operated until ‘70s. Hispanics “retarded;” forbidden participation in class/extra-curriculars. | |
| Best: Foreign affairs; Worst: domestic affairs. 1972: “CREEP” Committee to Re-Elect the President. | |
| Instituted by Nixon. “Turning war over to Vietnam.” | |
| U.S. ends involvement: VIETNAM. 600,000-1,000 advisors in Saigon. | |
| COmmunism collapsing in 80s...CAPITALISM reforms introduced | |
| Rejected reforms BUT pro-Berlin wall. Kicked out in 1990…GER re-united. | |
| Communists swept from office in free election | |
| GORBACHEV: Economic/social restructuring. Ppl decide instead of gov. | |
| GORBACHEV: openness of public criticism/admitting past mistakes | |
| RUSSIA president. 1) Dismantles USSR 2)Pushed free market reforms | |
| ROMANIAN dictator clutches communism. ’89: Overthrown/executed | |
| KENYAN, led non-violent protests. Jailed. | |
| Official policy of S. African Afrikaner National Party. “White Rule” | |
| 119 blacks murdered | |
| ZAIRE 30 yr. dictator | |
| MALAWI dictator liked by ppl | |
| “Dry Your Tears Africa” ~ Encouraged Africans to turn away from European culture. | |
| “Palestine = Jewish homeland.” UN proposed Palestine division: Jews/Arabs. ’48: Israel made independent | |
| Led Arab world. Nationalizes canal durind Suez war | |
| ENG/FRA desire Suez; invade. U.S. forces their withdrawal. | |
| ISRAEL/EGYPT sign and agree to recognize e/o | |
| Signed self-rule agreement; fighting persists in spite of treaties | |
| Signed self-rule agreement; fighting persists in spite of treaties | |
| Supported by U.S. Benefits: 5% Iranians/ Traded U.S. TECH for OIL | |
| Declared a Religious State | |
| IRAN/IRAQ: almost everyone opposed | |
| Was not overthrown by Bush I – COUNTERWEIGHT. Bush II: “To bring democracy to IRAQ.” | |
| …to industrialize overnight. RESULT: 20-60m fatalities (famine) Mao ze Dung | |
| Great Leap Forward. Idea: Make CHINA #1 Steel producer…but NO FOOD | |
| Re-awaken Revolutionary spirit.Mao ze Dung. | |
| Permitted after assisting British during WWII | |
| Non-Aligned Mvmt. leader | |
| “The only solution to the India problem is Pakistan.” | |
| Sukamo, Indonesia. Beginning of NON-ALIGHMENT movmt. | |
| VIETNAMESE president. Only strong man there. ’63: Assassinated by KENNEDY | |
| US Asia (HoChiMinh) Japan | |
| Based upon U.S. Only Americans invited to celebration | |
| JOHNSON…600,000 sent to fight in ’68. | |
| U.S. won…but press portrayed as a loss. | |
| Seek out, apprehend, and identify Communism. 57,000 executed. | |
| (blank) | |
| Seizure of American freighter | |
| (blank) | |
| Gov. HELPS industry | |
| Poorest nation in the world | |
| Family run conglomerates | |
| BRITS introduced Democracy before returning colony to CHINA | |
| Ruled Mexico for majority of 20th c. | |
| DISASTEROUS American-backed invasion by right-winged Cubans. | |
| (blank) | |
| Free and fair election. “Guatemala for the ppl of Guatemala.” Nation virtually owned by United Fruit Co…Arbenz sent packing by U.S. tycoons. | |
| CIA organizes killing of freely elected President Allende | |
| US took control after queen overthrown. 1898: Annexed to US | |
| Organized by ROOSEVELT against COLUMBIA for canal construction | |
| GER/IT/AUSTRIA | |
| ENG/FRA/RUS | |
| Result: French resentment of Germans | |
| Heir to Austrian throne, assassinated by Serb. | |
| Draws ENG to war…invade through BELG | |
| MAXIM machine gun halts GERMANS. ENG/BELG Alliance. | |
| Gained a few thousand yards…420,000 dead | |
| 700,000 dead | |
| DISASTER for Austrian, New Zealand, Canadian troops…machine gunned by Turks during cliff ascent | |
| …to CHINA. Japan conquers German holdings in Asia; erects military air fields. | |
| GERMANS sink BRIT civilian liner. Had war material. Germany sinks every American boat after trade blockade instituted. | |
| Granted to Americans, other w. Europeans after WWII | |
| Nicholas II. 1) disposed of ROMANOVS 2) Est. Reform provisional gov. | |
| Bolsheviks (communists) take control | |
| Signed by RUS/GER…ends RUSSIAN involvement | |
| Poor PR handling…alienates everyone, including Republican Senate | |
| Ottoman Empire dealings. GLORIFIED IMERIALISM…lands/colonies made mandates | |
| FRANCE sets up Christian Lebanon/ Muslim Syria. | |
| October 24, 1929. Stock Market crashes. | |
| “Laizzes fair capitalism was ending.” | |
| 44% Banks out of business, 25% unemployment, 1929 average wage: $.55/.05 in 1933 | |
| Reds vs. Whites | Russian Civil War |
| LENIN: Pure Communism not working. Implements free market reforms. | New Economic Policy |
| STALIN. Successful, ruthless. Turns agricultural country into heavily industrialized. Killed all those unsuccessful in 5 yr plans. | 5 Year Plans |
| Deprived German Jews of citizenship | Nuremburg/Kristillnacht |
| Fathered psycho-analysis. “Neurotic behavior comes from a conflict between your conscious and unconsciousness.” | FREUD |
| Architect. “Form should follow function.” | GROPIUS |
| Artist. Influenced by primitive art of Tahiti | GAUGIAN |
| Theologian. Attacked progress on Earth | BARTH |
| “Man’s history one of steady failure.” | BARIEV |
| UNCERTAINTY Principal: “We cannot determine the path of an electron.” | HEISENBURG |
| Mahatma = great soul. Satyagraha = passive resistance. Retrieved salt from ocean after salt tax imposed. Boycotted British textiles; wove own clothes. | GHANDI |
| Rivaled MAO ZEDUNG | JUNG JI SHI |
| 1925 – dies | Sunyat Sen |
| ARGENTINIAN Populist right wing dictator supported by U.S. | PERON |
| ENG/FRA give GERM Czechloslovakia | Munich Conference |
| By MUSSOLINI. League of Nations to weak to fight. | 1935 Etheopian Invasion |
| Invaded by Japan | Manchuria |
| GER/RUS secretly divide Poland. Hitler hates communism, Stalin hates Nazis. | Nazi/Soviet Non-Aggression Pact |
| GER/IT/JAP alliance | Tripartite Pact |
| Arrived back in ENG, announced “Peace in our time” | CHAMBERLAIN |
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